Triple

T4652805
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Battle of Ravenna E102335 entity
Predicate commander P1061 FINISHED
Object Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and military leader known for his patronage of the arts and his role in the Italian Wars.
 E457983 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara | Statement: [Battle of Ravenna, commander, Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara
Context triple: [Battle of Ravenna, commander, Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara]
  • A. Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena
    Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena, was a 17th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio from the House of Este, noted as the father of Mary of Modena, future queen consort of England.
  • B. Duke of Urbino
    The Duke of Urbino was the sovereign ruler of the small but culturally influential Italian duchy of Urbino, renowned during the Renaissance for its sophisticated court and patronage of the arts.
  • C. Sir Augustus d'Este
    Sir Augustus d'Este was an illegitimate grandson of King George III of the United Kingdom, known for his long legal battle over the validity of his parents’ marriage and his resulting claim to royal titles.
  • D. Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga
    Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga was an Italian nobleman of the Gonzaga family who ruled as Duke of Guastalla in the 17th century.
  • E. Francesco Maria I della Rovere
    Francesco Maria I della Rovere was a 16th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Urbino and a prominent military leader of the Italian Wars.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara
Triple: [Battle of Ravenna, commander, Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara]
Generated description
Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and military leader known for his patronage of the arts and his role in the Italian Wars.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara
Target entity description: Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and military leader known for his patronage of the arts and his role in the Italian Wars.
  • A. Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena
    Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena, was a 17th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio from the House of Este, noted as the father of Mary of Modena, future queen consort of England.
  • B. Duke of Urbino
    The Duke of Urbino was the sovereign ruler of the small but culturally influential Italian duchy of Urbino, renowned during the Renaissance for its sophisticated court and patronage of the arts.
  • C. Sir Augustus d'Este
    Sir Augustus d'Este was an illegitimate grandson of King George III of the United Kingdom, known for his long legal battle over the validity of his parents’ marriage and his resulting claim to royal titles.
  • D. Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga
    Antonio Ferrante Gonzaga was an Italian nobleman of the Gonzaga family who ruled as Duke of Guastalla in the 17th century.
  • E. Francesco Maria I della Rovere
    Francesco Maria I della Rovere was a 16th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Urbino and a prominent military leader of the Italian Wars.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43d71a308190afea7280841b0de8 completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd6314883481908f085a7af497b0d8 completed March 20, 2026, 3:09 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdfaeb1ee081909ef641953bdf8df3 completed March 21, 2026, 1:56 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdfbc12acc8190b8116a6003abb3e3 completed March 21, 2026, 2 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdfc44536c8190a71e52b0690a7570 completed March 21, 2026, 2:02 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:14 p.m.