Triple

T4631892
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Pascual Jordan E101435 entity
Predicate notableIdea P4 FINISHED
Object Jordan–Wigner transformation
The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
E456584 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Jordan–Wigner transformation | Statement: [Pascual Jordan, notableIdea, Jordan–Wigner transformation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Jordan–Wigner transformation
Context triple: [Pascual Jordan, notableIdea, Jordan–Wigner transformation]
  • A. Onsager algebra
    The Onsager algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra introduced in the study of exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics, particularly the two-dimensional Ising model.
  • B. Bethe ansatz
    The Bethe ansatz is a powerful method in theoretical physics for exactly solving certain one-dimensional quantum many-body systems by reducing them to algebraic equations for particle momenta.
  • C. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • D. Kramers–Wannier duality in the Ising model
    Kramers–Wannier duality in the Ising model is a mathematical transformation that relates the high-temperature and low-temperature phases of the two-dimensional Ising model, revealing the location of its critical point and illustrating a deep symmetry between ordered and disordered states.
  • E. Wick’s theorem
    Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Jordan–Wigner transformation
Triple: [Pascual Jordan, notableIdea, Jordan–Wigner transformation]
Generated description
The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Jordan–Wigner transformation
Target entity description: The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
  • A. Onsager algebra
    The Onsager algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra introduced in the study of exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics, particularly the two-dimensional Ising model.
  • B. Bethe ansatz
    The Bethe ansatz is a powerful method in theoretical physics for exactly solving certain one-dimensional quantum many-body systems by reducing them to algebraic equations for particle momenta.
  • C. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • D. Kramers–Wannier duality in the Ising model
    Kramers–Wannier duality in the Ising model is a mathematical transformation that relates the high-temperature and low-temperature phases of the two-dimensional Ising model, revealing the location of its critical point and illustrating a deep symmetry between ordered and disordered states.
  • E. Wick’s theorem
    Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43d2f1c081908cd4b7ec48ecc73d completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd5a342ffc8190a911d0598ed230bb completed March 20, 2026, 2:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdfabeba3c8190b6515b99746f62a6 completed March 21, 2026, 1:56 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdfb70b9d48190a32c5cc753c45aab completed March 21, 2026, 1:59 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdfc54e194819080b1eb5b9f0dfe9e completed March 21, 2026, 2:03 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:13 p.m.