Triple

T4617741
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Open cluster M11 E100906 entity
Predicate discoveredBy P412 FINISHED
Object Gottfried Kirch
Gottfried Kirch was a 17th-century German astronomer known for his systematic observations, comet discoveries, and contributions to early modern celestial cataloging.
E459050 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gottfried Kirch | Statement: [Open cluster M11, discoveredBy, Gottfried Kirch]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gottfried Kirch
Context triple: [Open cluster M11, discoveredBy, Gottfried Kirch]
  • A. Friedrich Bessel
    Friedrich Bessel was a German astronomer and mathematician renowned for his precise measurements of stellar positions and distances, including the first reliable determination of a star’s parallax.
  • B. Georg de Lalande
    Georg de Lalande was a German architect active in the early 20th century, known for designing prominent public and governmental buildings in East Asia.
  • C. Johannes Heinsius
    Johannes Heinsius was a notable historical figure bearing the surname Heinsius, likely recognized for contributions in scholarly, political, or cultural fields.
  • D. Nicolas de Lacaille
    Nicolas de Lacaille was an 18th-century French astronomer renowned for his extensive southern sky surveys and for introducing many of the modern constellations.
  • E. Johann Elert Bode
    Johann Elert Bode was an 18th–19th century German astronomer best known for popularizing the Titius–Bode law and for his influential star atlases and astronomical tables.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gottfried Kirch
Triple: [Open cluster M11, discoveredBy, Gottfried Kirch]
Generated description
Gottfried Kirch was a 17th-century German astronomer known for his systematic observations, comet discoveries, and contributions to early modern celestial cataloging.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gottfried Kirch
Target entity description: Gottfried Kirch was a 17th-century German astronomer known for his systematic observations, comet discoveries, and contributions to early modern celestial cataloging.
  • A. Friedrich Bessel
    Friedrich Bessel was a German astronomer and mathematician renowned for his precise measurements of stellar positions and distances, including the first reliable determination of a star’s parallax.
  • B. Georg de Lalande
    Georg de Lalande was a German architect active in the early 20th century, known for designing prominent public and governmental buildings in East Asia.
  • C. Johannes Heinsius
    Johannes Heinsius was a notable historical figure bearing the surname Heinsius, likely recognized for contributions in scholarly, political, or cultural fields.
  • D. Nicolas de Lacaille
    Nicolas de Lacaille was an 18th-century French astronomer renowned for his extensive southern sky surveys and for introducing many of the modern constellations.
  • E. Johann Elert Bode
    Johann Elert Bode was an 18th–19th century German astronomer best known for popularizing the Titius–Bode law and for his influential star atlases and astronomical tables.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43cf363c819087fd5ab441b4a3f4 completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd59e098c08190b769e76937dff700 completed March 20, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdfa916f4c8190a53bb37ff46ed0b5 completed March 21, 2026, 1:55 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdfb5502c48190b7679941b83e6e0c completed March 21, 2026, 1:58 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdff53680c8190a62aace0f0c9f3b3 completed March 21, 2026, 2:15 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:12 p.m.