Triple
T4552433
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Hardy–Littlewood maximal function |
E120395
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Vitali covering lemma
The Vitali covering lemma is a fundamental result in measure theory that provides conditions under which a collection of sets can be reduced to a disjoint subcollection that still covers almost all of the original set, and it underpins many key theorems in real analysis and differentiation.
|
E451527
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Vitali covering lemma | Statement: [Hardy–Littlewood maximal function, relatedTo, Vitali covering lemma]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vitali covering lemma Context triple: [Hardy–Littlewood maximal function, relatedTo, Vitali covering lemma]
-
A.
Banach–Alaoglu theorem
The Banach–Alaoglu theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis stating that the closed unit ball in the dual of a normed space is compact in the weak-* topology.
-
B.
Fatou's lemma
Fatou's lemma is a fundamental result in measure theory that provides an inequality relating the integral of the pointwise limit inferior of a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions to the limit inferior of their integrals.
-
C.
Lebesgue measure
Lebesgue measure is the standard way of assigning a consistent notion of "length," "area," or "volume" to subsets of Euclidean space, forming the foundation of modern measure theory and integration.
-
D.
Carathéodory’s extension theorem
Carathéodory’s extension theorem is a fundamental result in measure theory that guarantees a unique extension of a pre-measure defined on an algebra of sets to a complete measure on the generated σ-algebra.
-
E.
Banach–Saks theorem
The Banach–Saks theorem is a result in functional analysis stating that every bounded sequence in a reflexive Banach space has a subsequence whose Cesàro means converge in norm.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Vitali covering lemma Triple: [Hardy–Littlewood maximal function, relatedTo, Vitali covering lemma]
Generated description
The Vitali covering lemma is a fundamental result in measure theory that provides conditions under which a collection of sets can be reduced to a disjoint subcollection that still covers almost all of the original set, and it underpins many key theorems in real analysis and differentiation.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vitali covering lemma Target entity description: The Vitali covering lemma is a fundamental result in measure theory that provides conditions under which a collection of sets can be reduced to a disjoint subcollection that still covers almost all of the original set, and it underpins many key theorems in real analysis and differentiation.
-
A.
Banach–Alaoglu theorem
The Banach–Alaoglu theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis stating that the closed unit ball in the dual of a normed space is compact in the weak-* topology.
-
B.
Fatou's lemma
Fatou's lemma is a fundamental result in measure theory that provides an inequality relating the integral of the pointwise limit inferior of a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions to the limit inferior of their integrals.
-
C.
Lebesgue measure
Lebesgue measure is the standard way of assigning a consistent notion of "length," "area," or "volume" to subsets of Euclidean space, forming the foundation of modern measure theory and integration.
-
D.
Carathéodory’s extension theorem
Carathéodory’s extension theorem is a fundamental result in measure theory that guarantees a unique extension of a pre-measure defined on an algebra of sets to a complete measure on the generated σ-algebra.
-
E.
Banach–Saks theorem
The Banach–Saks theorem is a result in functional analysis stating that every bounded sequence in a reflexive Banach space has a subsequence whose Cesàro means converge in norm.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd4636f1648190a701445c2fcd9c17 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 1:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd581160e08190b715a8ce5c3e6c9b |
completed | March 20, 2026, 2:22 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69bdb95b01b0819094a600752e41aa09 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 9:17 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69bdbdbf73508190b64a78ff9274ee6d |
completed | March 20, 2026, 9:35 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69bdbe1bcd8c819094adea59c91c6f5b |
completed | March 20, 2026, 9:37 p.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:09 p.m.