Triple

T4438507
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Einstein–Szilard refrigerator E95710 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Einstein–Szilárd collaboration
The Einstein–Szilárd collaboration was a scientific partnership between Albert Einstein and Leo Szilárd in the late 1920s and early 1930s focused on developing innovative technologies, most notably an absorption refrigerator with no moving parts.
E439186 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Einstein–Szilárd collaboration | Statement: [Einstein–Szilard refrigerator, relatedTo, Einstein–Szilárd collaboration]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Einstein–Szilárd collaboration
Context triple: [Einstein–Szilard refrigerator, relatedTo, Einstein–Szilárd collaboration]
  • A. Einstein–Szilard letter
    The Einstein–Szilard letter was a 1939 letter to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, drafted by Leo Szilard and signed by Albert Einstein, warning about the potential for Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons and urging the United States to begin its own nuclear research.
  • B. Frisch–Peierls memorandum
    The Frisch–Peierls memorandum was a pivotal 1940 document by physicists Otto Frisch and Rudolf Peierls that first outlined the feasibility of a small, practical uranium-based atomic bomb, helping to catalyze British and later Allied nuclear weapons research.
  • C. MAUD Committee
    The MAUD Committee was a British scientific advisory group during World War II that conducted pioneering research into the feasibility of an atomic bomb, helping to spur the later development of the Manhattan Project.
  • D. Szilard petition
    The Szilard petition was a 1945 document signed by Manhattan Project scientists urging the U.S. government to demonstrate the atomic bomb’s power before using it on Japanese cities, reflecting early ethical concerns about nuclear weapons.
  • E. MAUD Report
    The MAUD Report was a secret 1941 British scientific assessment that concluded an atomic bomb was feasible and helped spur the U.S. Manhattan Project.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Einstein–Szilárd collaboration
Triple: [Einstein–Szilard refrigerator, relatedTo, Einstein–Szilárd collaboration]
Generated description
The Einstein–Szilárd collaboration was a scientific partnership between Albert Einstein and Leo Szilárd in the late 1920s and early 1930s focused on developing innovative technologies, most notably an absorption refrigerator with no moving parts.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Einstein–Szilárd collaboration
Target entity description: The Einstein–Szilárd collaboration was a scientific partnership between Albert Einstein and Leo Szilárd in the late 1920s and early 1930s focused on developing innovative technologies, most notably an absorption refrigerator with no moving parts.
  • A. Einstein–Szilard letter
    The Einstein–Szilard letter was a 1939 letter to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, drafted by Leo Szilard and signed by Albert Einstein, warning about the potential for Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons and urging the United States to begin its own nuclear research.
  • B. Frisch–Peierls memorandum
    The Frisch–Peierls memorandum was a pivotal 1940 document by physicists Otto Frisch and Rudolf Peierls that first outlined the feasibility of a small, practical uranium-based atomic bomb, helping to catalyze British and later Allied nuclear weapons research.
  • C. MAUD Committee
    The MAUD Committee was a British scientific advisory group during World War II that conducted pioneering research into the feasibility of an atomic bomb, helping to spur the later development of the Manhattan Project.
  • D. Szilard petition
    The Szilard petition was a 1945 document signed by Manhattan Project scientists urging the U.S. government to demonstrate the atomic bomb’s power before using it on Japanese cities, reflecting early ethical concerns about nuclear weapons.
  • E. MAUD Report
    The MAUD Report was a secret 1941 British scientific assessment that concluded an atomic bomb was feasible and helped spur the U.S. Manhattan Project.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69b3453ea2b48190a26f154b3b8fece5 completed March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69b3558c75948190875a5fb10eac0597 completed March 13, 2026, 12:08 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b6137960908190814cbdf0b4e56542 completed March 15, 2026, 2:03 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b6143adefc81908f6c639906e0fd1a completed March 15, 2026, 2:06 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b614b00dbc8190a7ea0477bedbc96a completed March 15, 2026, 2:08 a.m.
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:31 p.m.