Triple
T4329562
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | efficient market hypothesis |
E96714
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedConcept |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
modern portfolio theory
Modern portfolio theory is a foundational financial framework that explains how investors can construct diversified portfolios to maximize expected return for a given level of risk using quantitative optimization.
|
E431733
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: modern portfolio theory | Statement: [efficient market hypothesis, relatedConcept, modern portfolio theory]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: modern portfolio theory Context triple: [efficient market hypothesis, relatedConcept, modern portfolio theory]
-
A.
Markowitz
Markowitz is a locality in what is now Poland that is historically notable as the birthplace of the classical philologist Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff.
-
B.
efficient market hypothesis
The efficient market hypothesis is a financial theory asserting that asset prices fully and immediately reflect all available information, making it impossible to consistently achieve returns above the market average through information-based trading.
-
C.
Fisher separation theorem
The Fisher separation theorem is a foundational result in financial economics stating that a firm's investment decision can be made independently of its owners' consumption preferences, focusing solely on maximizing the present value of the firm.
-
D.
The Alchemy of Finance
The Alchemy of Finance is a seminal book by investor George Soros that outlines his theory of reflexivity in markets and its implications for financial speculation and economic cycles.
-
E.
Black–Scholes model
The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: modern portfolio theory Triple: [efficient market hypothesis, relatedConcept, modern portfolio theory]
Generated description
Modern portfolio theory is a foundational financial framework that explains how investors can construct diversified portfolios to maximize expected return for a given level of risk using quantitative optimization.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: modern portfolio theory Target entity description: Modern portfolio theory is a foundational financial framework that explains how investors can construct diversified portfolios to maximize expected return for a given level of risk using quantitative optimization.
-
A.
Markowitz
Markowitz is a locality in what is now Poland that is historically notable as the birthplace of the classical philologist Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff.
-
B.
efficient market hypothesis
The efficient market hypothesis is a financial theory asserting that asset prices fully and immediately reflect all available information, making it impossible to consistently achieve returns above the market average through information-based trading.
-
C.
Fisher separation theorem
The Fisher separation theorem is a foundational result in financial economics stating that a firm's investment decision can be made independently of its owners' consumption preferences, focusing solely on maximizing the present value of the firm.
-
D.
The Alchemy of Finance
The Alchemy of Finance is a seminal book by investor George Soros that outlines his theory of reflexivity in markets and its implications for financial speculation and economic cycles.
-
E.
Black–Scholes model
The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69b34542fd908190b11b08faad8decfd |
completed | March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69b3513545fc81909e29de7eae1829f7 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 11:50 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b5d09bf304819084fc1b9162c8b48a |
completed | March 14, 2026, 9:18 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b5d48a56f881909cc75f45d87c8151 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 9:35 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b5d4f99ff08190957b46cd84954f79 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 9:36 p.m. |
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:13 p.m.