Triple
T4116107
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | unity of science |
E90294
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
"The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam
"The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam is a seminal mid-20th-century philosophical paper that defends the idea that all scientific disciplines can, in principle, be integrated into a single, hierarchically organized and inter-reducible system of knowledge.
|
E412359
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam | Statement: [unity of science, notableWork, "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam Context triple: [unity of science, notableWork, "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam]
-
A.
The Scientific Conception of the World: The Vienna Circle
"The Scientific Conception of the World: The Vienna Circle" is a foundational manifesto that articulates the Vienna Circle’s program of scientifically oriented philosophy, emphasizing empirical verification, logical analysis, and the rejection of metaphysics.
-
B.
On the Status of Science and of Metaphysics
"On the Status of Science and of Metaphysics" is a philosophical essay by Karl Popper that examines the relationship, boundaries, and methodological differences between empirical science and metaphysical speculation.
-
C.
The Logic of Scientific Discovery
The Logic of Scientific Discovery is Karl Popper’s foundational philosophical work that introduces falsifiability as the key criterion distinguishing scientific theories from non-scientific ones.
-
D.
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism”
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism” is a landmark philosophical essay that challenges the analytic–synthetic distinction and reductionism, reshaping 20th-century debates in epistemology and the philosophy of language.
-
E.
Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes
Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes is a seminal philosophical work by Imre Lakatos that refines Karl Popper’s falsificationism by introducing the concept of competing scientific research programmes and criteria for their progressive or degenerative development.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam Triple: [unity of science, notableWork, "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam]
Generated description
"The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam is a seminal mid-20th-century philosophical paper that defends the idea that all scientific disciplines can, in principle, be integrated into a single, hierarchically organized and inter-reducible system of knowledge.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam Target entity description: "The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis" by Oppenheim and Putnam is a seminal mid-20th-century philosophical paper that defends the idea that all scientific disciplines can, in principle, be integrated into a single, hierarchically organized and inter-reducible system of knowledge.
-
A.
The Scientific Conception of the World: The Vienna Circle
"The Scientific Conception of the World: The Vienna Circle" is a foundational manifesto that articulates the Vienna Circle’s program of scientifically oriented philosophy, emphasizing empirical verification, logical analysis, and the rejection of metaphysics.
-
B.
On the Status of Science and of Metaphysics
"On the Status of Science and of Metaphysics" is a philosophical essay by Karl Popper that examines the relationship, boundaries, and methodological differences between empirical science and metaphysical speculation.
-
C.
The Logic of Scientific Discovery
The Logic of Scientific Discovery is Karl Popper’s foundational philosophical work that introduces falsifiability as the key criterion distinguishing scientific theories from non-scientific ones.
-
D.
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism”
“Two Dogmas of Empiricism” is a landmark philosophical essay that challenges the analytic–synthetic distinction and reductionism, reshaping 20th-century debates in epistemology and the philosophy of language.
-
E.
Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes
Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes is a seminal philosophical work by Imre Lakatos that refines Karl Popper’s falsificationism by introducing the concept of competing scientific research programmes and criteria for their progressive or degenerative development.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69aed95c080881908125e30c5dcdc6f8 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69af01f1e2e08190a6b73d7674c34e88 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 5:22 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b56b90054081908a51c366c6fe51d7 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:07 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b56c0a3b1c81908ae4c630c6881c1c |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:09 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b56c94df3481908d2f4a3976fb775b |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:11 p.m. |
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:41 p.m.