Triple

T3910504
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Stephen Smale E87308 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Smale’s paradox
Smale’s paradox is a result in differential topology showing that a sphere can be turned inside out in three-dimensional space through smooth deformations without tearing or creasing, challenging intuitive notions of geometry.
E398343 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Smale’s paradox | Statement: [Stephen Smale, notableWork, Smale’s paradox]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Smale’s paradox
Context triple: [Stephen Smale, notableWork, Smale’s paradox]
  • A. Poincaré conjecture
    The Poincaré conjecture is a landmark problem in topology that characterizes the three-dimensional sphere among three-dimensional manifolds and was famously solved by Grigori Perelman in the early 2000s.
  • B. Euler’s polyhedron formula
    Euler’s polyhedron formula is a fundamental result in topology and geometry that relates the numbers of vertices, edges, and faces of a convex polyhedron through the equation V − E + F = 2.
  • C. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • D. Theorema Egregium
    Theorema Egregium is Gauss’s celebrated theorem in differential geometry showing that the Gaussian curvature of a surface is an intrinsic property independent of how the surface is embedded in space.
  • E. Dehn surgery
    Dehn surgery is a fundamental operation in 3-manifold topology that modifies a 3-dimensional manifold by cutting out a solid torus and gluing it back in a different way, playing a central role in the classification and study of 3-manifolds.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Smale’s paradox
Triple: [Stephen Smale, notableWork, Smale’s paradox]
Generated description
Smale’s paradox is a result in differential topology showing that a sphere can be turned inside out in three-dimensional space through smooth deformations without tearing or creasing, challenging intuitive notions of geometry.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Smale’s paradox
Target entity description: Smale’s paradox is a result in differential topology showing that a sphere can be turned inside out in three-dimensional space through smooth deformations without tearing or creasing, challenging intuitive notions of geometry.
  • A. Poincaré conjecture
    The Poincaré conjecture is a landmark problem in topology that characterizes the three-dimensional sphere among three-dimensional manifolds and was famously solved by Grigori Perelman in the early 2000s.
  • B. Euler’s polyhedron formula
    Euler’s polyhedron formula is a fundamental result in topology and geometry that relates the numbers of vertices, edges, and faces of a convex polyhedron through the equation V − E + F = 2.
  • C. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • D. Theorema Egregium
    Theorema Egregium is Gauss’s celebrated theorem in differential geometry showing that the Gaussian curvature of a surface is an intrinsic property independent of how the surface is embedded in space.
  • E. Dehn surgery
    Dehn surgery is a fundamental operation in 3-manifold topology that modifies a 3-dimensional manifold by cutting out a solid torus and gluing it back in a different way, playing a central role in the classification and study of 3-manifolds.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69aed9424514819086e9c58adde6652d completed March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69aeed3408f881908c3cffc5dbfe3950 completed March 9, 2026, 3:54 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b51cb454c48190bf47d080f6cc24f0 completed March 14, 2026, 8:30 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b5206dfd848190ae7aaa9997150934 completed March 14, 2026, 8:46 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b520ce6af481909b7824c2ec221331 completed March 14, 2026, 8:48 a.m.
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:22 p.m.