Triple

T387118
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Institute for Advanced Study E8802 entity
Predicate notableScholar P22 FINISHED
Object Edward Witten
Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician renowned for his pioneering work in string theory, quantum gravity, and related areas of mathematical physics.
 E48697 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Edward Witten | Statement: [Institute for Advanced Study, notableScholar, Edward Witten]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Edward Witten
Context triple: [Institute for Advanced Study, notableScholar, Edward Witten]
  • A. Frank Wilczek
    Frank Wilczek is a Nobel Prize–winning theoretical physicist renowned for his work on quantum chromodynamics, the strong nuclear force, and concepts such as asymptotic freedom and anyons.
  • B. Gerald Guralnik
    Gerald Guralnik was an American theoretical physicist best known as one of the co-discoverers of the Higgs mechanism that explains how particles acquire mass.
  • C. Isadore Singer
    Isadore Singer was an American mathematician renowned for co-formulating the Atiyah–Singer Index Theorem, a foundational result linking analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • D. Michael Green
    Michael Green is a prominent British theoretical physicist known for his pioneering work in string theory and quantum gravity.
  • E. James M. Bardeen
    James M. Bardeen is an American theoretical physicist known for his influential work in general relativity and black hole physics, including contributions to the understanding of Hawking radiation and cosmological perturbation theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Edward Witten
Triple: [Institute for Advanced Study, notableScholar, Edward Witten]
Generated description
Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician renowned for his pioneering work in string theory, quantum gravity, and related areas of mathematical physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Edward Witten
Target entity description: Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician renowned for his pioneering work in string theory, quantum gravity, and related areas of mathematical physics.
  • A. Frank Wilczek
    Frank Wilczek is a Nobel Prize–winning theoretical physicist renowned for his work on quantum chromodynamics, the strong nuclear force, and concepts such as asymptotic freedom and anyons.
  • B. Gerald Guralnik
    Gerald Guralnik was an American theoretical physicist best known as one of the co-discoverers of the Higgs mechanism that explains how particles acquire mass.
  • C. Isadore Singer
    Isadore Singer was an American mathematician renowned for co-formulating the Atiyah–Singer Index Theorem, a foundational result linking analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • D. Michael Green
    Michael Green is a prominent British theoretical physicist known for his pioneering work in string theory and quantum gravity.
  • E. James M. Bardeen
    James M. Bardeen is an American theoretical physicist known for his influential work in general relativity and black hole physics, including contributions to the understanding of Hawking radiation and cosmological perturbation theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e7f55c60819097aff65ea2ca2832 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ee2b0ec481908fac41a4e1d20468 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a3fe9755c08190a6f046ca56531df5 completed March 1, 2026, 8:53 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a3ff1563688190bd5a41ea3c4726a5 completed March 1, 2026, 8:55 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a3ffb7c1f8819084d07b54e1688290 completed March 1, 2026, 8:58 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.