Triple
T3725816
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Theodore Lyman (scientist) |
E81745
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum
The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
|
E381675
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum | Statement: [Theodore Lyman (scientist), knownFor, Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum Context triple: [Theodore Lyman (scientist), knownFor, Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum]
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
C.
Atombau und Spektrallinien
*Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
-
D.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
E.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum Triple: [Theodore Lyman (scientist), knownFor, Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum]
Generated description
The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum Target entity description: The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
C.
Atombau und Spektrallinien
*Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
-
D.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
E.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad8b1b7ef081908d2d381bbf54985a |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adcaf669d48190852aaeef70265404 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:16 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b4ce206cb88190985a727b769e1e12 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:55 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b4cf1840bc81908a85642430ab5339 |
completed | March 14, 2026, 2:59 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b4cf92e9c48190a3d87ba1f90548ec |
completed | March 14, 2026, 3:01 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:34 p.m.