Triple

T3516075
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Expedition of the Thousand E74309 entity
Predicate keyBattle P1703 FINISHED
Object Battle of the Volturno (1860)
The Battle of the Volturno (1860) was a major clash in southern Italy during Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign that helped secure the unification of Italy under the Kingdom of Sardinia.
E371907 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Battle of the Volturno (1860) | Statement: [Expedition of the Thousand, keyBattle, Battle of the Volturno (1860)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of the Volturno (1860)
Context triple: [Expedition of the Thousand, keyBattle, Battle of the Volturno (1860)]
  • A. Battle of the Volturno Line
    The Battle of the Volturno Line was a World War II campaign in southern Italy in late 1943, where Allied forces fought to break through German defensive positions along the Volturno River as they advanced northward up the Italian peninsula.
  • B. Battle of Palermo (1860)
    The Battle of Palermo (1860) was a decisive urban engagement during Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign in Sicily that led to the capture of Palermo and significantly advanced the cause of Italian unification.
  • C. Battle of Milazzo (1860)
    The Battle of Milazzo (1860) was a decisive engagement in Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign to conquer Sicily during the Expedition of the Thousand, paving the way for the unification of southern Italy with the Kingdom of Sardinia.
  • D. Battle of La Motta
    The Battle of La Motta was a 1513 engagement of the War of the League of Cambrai in which Spanish-Imperial forces decisively defeated the Venetians in northern Italy.
  • E. Battle of Garigliano
    The Battle of Garigliano was a 1503 engagement in the Italian Wars in which Spanish forces decisively defeated the French near the Garigliano River in southern Italy, helping secure Spanish dominance in the Kingdom of Naples.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Battle of the Volturno (1860)
Triple: [Expedition of the Thousand, keyBattle, Battle of the Volturno (1860)]
Generated description
The Battle of the Volturno (1860) was a major clash in southern Italy during Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign that helped secure the unification of Italy under the Kingdom of Sardinia.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of the Volturno (1860)
Target entity description: The Battle of the Volturno (1860) was a major clash in southern Italy during Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign that helped secure the unification of Italy under the Kingdom of Sardinia.
  • A. Battle of the Volturno Line
    The Battle of the Volturno Line was a World War II campaign in southern Italy in late 1943, where Allied forces fought to break through German defensive positions along the Volturno River as they advanced northward up the Italian peninsula.
  • B. Battle of Palermo (1860)
    The Battle of Palermo (1860) was a decisive urban engagement during Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign in Sicily that led to the capture of Palermo and significantly advanced the cause of Italian unification.
  • C. Battle of Milazzo (1860)
    The Battle of Milazzo (1860) was a decisive engagement in Giuseppe Garibaldi’s campaign to conquer Sicily during the Expedition of the Thousand, paving the way for the unification of southern Italy with the Kingdom of Sardinia.
  • D. Battle of La Motta
    The Battle of La Motta was a 1513 engagement of the War of the League of Cambrai in which Spanish-Imperial forces decisively defeated the Venetians in northern Italy.
  • E. Battle of Garigliano
    The Battle of Garigliano was a 1503 engagement in the Italian Wars in which Spanish forces decisively defeated the French near the Garigliano River in southern Italy, helping secure Spanish dominance in the Kingdom of Naples.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85cfb5c881909c9a2edd9d6043cc completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adbc30362c81908ca7497a6a935cc6 completed March 8, 2026, 6:13 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b402d3a06481908e512c09306a2566 completed March 13, 2026, 12:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b4069ce1e48190a1c0aa9de973d49f completed March 13, 2026, 12:44 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b40aa1678081909b2131a561b2e4ab completed March 13, 2026, 1:01 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:19 p.m.