Triple
T3488666
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court |
E73671
|
entity |
| Predicate | includesCase |
P1393
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Railway Express Agency v. New York
Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
|
E362107
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Railway Express Agency v. New York | Statement: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York Context triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
-
A.
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co.
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. is a landmark 1928 New York Court of Appeals case, authored by Judge Benjamin Cardozo, that established the modern American doctrine of proximate cause and foreseeability in negligence law.
-
B.
Penn Central Transportation Company
Penn Central Transportation Company was a major American railroad formed in 1968 by the merger of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad, later becoming infamous for its massive bankruptcy.
-
C.
Nebbia v. New York
Nebbia v. New York is a 1934 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state regulation of milk prices and marked a major retreat from the Lochner-era limits on economic regulation under the Due Process Clause.
-
D.
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago is an 1897 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked a key step in applying federal constitutional protections—particularly just compensation for takings—to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
E.
Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. is a 1916 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal income tax and clarified the scope and constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York Triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
Generated description
Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York Target entity description: Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
-
A.
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co.
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. is a landmark 1928 New York Court of Appeals case, authored by Judge Benjamin Cardozo, that established the modern American doctrine of proximate cause and foreseeability in negligence law.
-
B.
Penn Central Transportation Company
Penn Central Transportation Company was a major American railroad formed in 1968 by the merger of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad, later becoming infamous for its massive bankruptcy.
-
C.
Nebbia v. New York
Nebbia v. New York is a 1934 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state regulation of milk prices and marked a major retreat from the Lochner-era limits on economic regulation under the Due Process Clause.
-
D.
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago is an 1897 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked a key step in applying federal constitutional protections—particularly just compensation for takings—to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
E.
Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. is a 1916 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal income tax and clarified the scope and constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85cca8d4819088494e9f3340fab5 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adbb92b3ac8190b8675f5a5e9d4408 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:10 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b36826ff448190880f1ee708d93215 |
completed | March 13, 2026, 1:28 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b36bedbb5881909e029c1d46782013 |
completed | March 13, 2026, 1:44 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b36fc00f30819088eda5ef85324273 |
completed | March 13, 2026, 2 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:18 p.m.