Triple

T3488666
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court E73671 entity
Predicate includesCase P1393 FINISHED
Object Railway Express Agency v. New York
Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
E362107 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Railway Express Agency v. New York | Statement: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York
Context triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
  • A. Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co.
    Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. is a landmark 1928 New York Court of Appeals case, authored by Judge Benjamin Cardozo, that established the modern American doctrine of proximate cause and foreseeability in negligence law.
  • B. Penn Central Transportation Company
    Penn Central Transportation Company was a major American railroad formed in 1968 by the merger of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad, later becoming infamous for its massive bankruptcy.
  • C. Nebbia v. New York
    Nebbia v. New York is a 1934 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state regulation of milk prices and marked a major retreat from the Lochner-era limits on economic regulation under the Due Process Clause.
  • D. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago
    Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago is an 1897 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked a key step in applying federal constitutional protections—particularly just compensation for takings—to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • E. Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
    Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. is a 1916 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal income tax and clarified the scope and constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York
Triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Railway Express Agency v. New York]
Generated description
Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Railway Express Agency v. New York
Target entity description: Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
  • A. Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co.
    Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. is a landmark 1928 New York Court of Appeals case, authored by Judge Benjamin Cardozo, that established the modern American doctrine of proximate cause and foreseeability in negligence law.
  • B. Penn Central Transportation Company
    Penn Central Transportation Company was a major American railroad formed in 1968 by the merger of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad, later becoming infamous for its massive bankruptcy.
  • C. Nebbia v. New York
    Nebbia v. New York is a 1934 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state regulation of milk prices and marked a major retreat from the Lochner-era limits on economic regulation under the Due Process Clause.
  • D. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago
    Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago is an 1897 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked a key step in applying federal constitutional protections—particularly just compensation for takings—to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • E. Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
    Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. is a 1916 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal income tax and clarified the scope and constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85cca8d4819088494e9f3340fab5 completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adbb92b3ac8190b8675f5a5e9d4408 completed March 8, 2026, 6:10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b36826ff448190880f1ee708d93215 completed March 13, 2026, 1:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b36bedbb5881909e029c1d46782013 completed March 13, 2026, 1:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b36fc00f30819088eda5ef85324273 completed March 13, 2026, 2 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:18 p.m.