Triple

T3488662
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court E73671 entity
Predicate includesCase P1393 FINISHED
Object Girouard v. United States
Girouard v. United States is a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held religious pacifists could become naturalized citizens without being willing to bear arms in defense of the country.
E362105 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Girouard v. United States | Statement: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Girouard v. United States]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Girouard v. United States
Context triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Girouard v. United States]
  • A. Reynolds v. United States
    Reynolds v. United States is an 1879 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the distinction between protected religious belief and regulable religiously motivated conduct, holding that the Free Exercise Clause does not excuse individuals from compliance with otherwise valid criminal laws such as those banning polygamy.
  • B. Abrams v. United States
    Abrams v. United States was a 1919 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of antiwar activists under federal law and is best known for Justice Holmes’s famous dissent articulating the “marketplace of ideas” concept in free speech jurisprudence.
  • C. Gelbard v. United States
    Gelbard v. United States is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that addressed whether grand jury witnesses could refuse to answer questions based on the government's alleged illegal use of wiretap evidence.
  • D. United States v. Gratiot
    United States v. Gratiot is an 1840 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld broad federal authority over public lands under the Constitution’s Property Clause.
  • E. Yates v. United States
    Yates v. United States is a 1957 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly narrowed the application of the Smith Act by distinguishing between the advocacy of abstract doctrine and the advocacy of concrete action to overthrow the government.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Girouard v. United States
Triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Girouard v. United States]
Generated description
Girouard v. United States is a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held religious pacifists could become naturalized citizens without being willing to bear arms in defense of the country.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Girouard v. United States
Target entity description: Girouard v. United States is a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held religious pacifists could become naturalized citizens without being willing to bear arms in defense of the country.
  • A. Reynolds v. United States
    Reynolds v. United States is an 1879 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the distinction between protected religious belief and regulable religiously motivated conduct, holding that the Free Exercise Clause does not excuse individuals from compliance with otherwise valid criminal laws such as those banning polygamy.
  • B. Abrams v. United States
    Abrams v. United States was a 1919 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of antiwar activists under federal law and is best known for Justice Holmes’s famous dissent articulating the “marketplace of ideas” concept in free speech jurisprudence.
  • C. Gelbard v. United States
    Gelbard v. United States is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that addressed whether grand jury witnesses could refuse to answer questions based on the government's alleged illegal use of wiretap evidence.
  • D. United States v. Gratiot
    United States v. Gratiot is an 1840 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld broad federal authority over public lands under the Constitution’s Property Clause.
  • E. Yates v. United States
    Yates v. United States is a 1957 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly narrowed the application of the Smith Act by distinguishing between the advocacy of abstract doctrine and the advocacy of concrete action to overthrow the government.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85cca8d4819088494e9f3340fab5 completed March 8, 2026, 2:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adbb92b3ac8190b8675f5a5e9d4408 completed March 8, 2026, 6:10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b36826ff448190880f1ee708d93215 completed March 13, 2026, 1:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b36bedbb5881909e029c1d46782013 completed March 13, 2026, 1:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b36fc00f30819088eda5ef85324273 completed March 13, 2026, 2 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:18 p.m.