Triple

T3452951
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Theodulf of Orléans E72833 entity
Predicate participantIn P149 FINISHED
Object Carolingian liturgical reforms
Carolingian liturgical reforms were a series of 8th–9th century initiatives under the Carolingian rulers to standardize Christian worship, texts, and practices across their realm in alignment with Roman usage.
E358496 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carolingian liturgical reforms | Statement: [Theodulf of Orléans, participantIn, Carolingian liturgical reforms]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian liturgical reforms
Context triple: [Theodulf of Orléans, participantIn, Carolingian liturgical reforms]
  • A. Gregorian Reform
    The Gregorian Reform was an 11th-century movement within the Catholic Church that sought to strengthen papal authority and eliminate practices like simony and lay investiture, reshaping the relationship between church and secular rulers.
  • B. Cluniac reforms
    The Cluniac reforms were a 10th–11th century monastic movement centered on the Abbey of Cluny that sought to renew Western monasticism through stricter spiritual discipline, liturgical emphasis, and independence from secular control.
  • C. Benedictine Reform
    The Benedictine Reform was a 10th-century monastic and ecclesiastical renewal movement in England that sought to restore strict Benedictine observance, enhance clerical learning, and strengthen church discipline.
  • D. Christianization of the Franks
    The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
  • E. Cistercian reform
    Cistercian reform was a major 12th-century monastic movement that sought a return to strict Benedictine observance, emphasizing austerity, manual labor, and rural isolation, and profoundly influencing religious life and landscape across medieval Europe.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carolingian liturgical reforms
Triple: [Theodulf of Orléans, participantIn, Carolingian liturgical reforms]
Generated description
Carolingian liturgical reforms were a series of 8th–9th century initiatives under the Carolingian rulers to standardize Christian worship, texts, and practices across their realm in alignment with Roman usage.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian liturgical reforms
Target entity description: Carolingian liturgical reforms were a series of 8th–9th century initiatives under the Carolingian rulers to standardize Christian worship, texts, and practices across their realm in alignment with Roman usage.
  • A. Gregorian Reform
    The Gregorian Reform was an 11th-century movement within the Catholic Church that sought to strengthen papal authority and eliminate practices like simony and lay investiture, reshaping the relationship between church and secular rulers.
  • B. Cluniac reforms
    The Cluniac reforms were a 10th–11th century monastic movement centered on the Abbey of Cluny that sought to renew Western monasticism through stricter spiritual discipline, liturgical emphasis, and independence from secular control.
  • C. Benedictine Reform
    The Benedictine Reform was a 10th-century monastic and ecclesiastical renewal movement in England that sought to restore strict Benedictine observance, enhance clerical learning, and strengthen church discipline.
  • D. Christianization of the Franks
    The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
  • E. Cistercian reform
    Cistercian reform was a major 12th-century monastic movement that sought a return to strict Benedictine observance, emphasizing austerity, manual labor, and rural isolation, and profoundly influencing religious life and landscape across medieval Europe.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85b12a908190a1d10a6b03b4f8ae completed March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adbaa2f5ec81909ced93c01e8fe38b completed March 8, 2026, 6:06 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b360ef69308190a11f37ddbf3bbc7b completed March 13, 2026, 12:57 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b361958fd88190bd4a8d9837af6610 completed March 13, 2026, 1 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b362310884819082a59ab92fe05fdd completed March 13, 2026, 1:02 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:16 p.m.