Triple
T3444290
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Duchy of Parma |
E72637
|
entity |
| Predicate | personalUnionWith |
P11440
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Duchy of Piacenza
The Duchy of Piacenza was an early modern Italian state in the Emilia-Romagna region, historically governed together with Parma and known for its strategic position along the Po River.
|
E444931
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Duchy of Piacenza | Statement: [Duchy of Parma, personalUnionWith, Duchy of Piacenza]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duchy of Piacenza Context triple: [Duchy of Parma, personalUnionWith, Duchy of Piacenza]
-
A.
Duchy of Lucca
The Duchy of Lucca was a small 19th-century Italian state in Tuscany that briefly existed after the Napoleonic era before being absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
-
B.
Duchy of Modena and Reggio
The Duchy of Modena and Reggio was a small northern Italian state ruled mainly by the House of Este until its annexation during the unification of Italy in the 19th century.
-
C.
Duchy of Ferrara
The Duchy of Ferrara was a Renaissance-era Italian state ruled by the House of Este, noted for its cultural flourishing and strategic role in the power politics of northern Italy.
-
D.
Duchy of Milan
The Duchy of Milan was a powerful late medieval and Renaissance state in northern Italy, centered on the city of Milan and long contested by major European powers.
-
E.
Republic of Lucca
The Republic of Lucca was an independent city-state in Tuscany, Italy, that existed from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, known for its republican institutions and commercial prosperity.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Duchy of Piacenza Triple: [Duchy of Parma, personalUnionWith, Duchy of Piacenza]
Generated description
The Duchy of Piacenza was an early modern Italian state in the Emilia-Romagna region, historically governed together with Parma and known for its strategic position along the Po River.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duchy of Piacenza Target entity description: The Duchy of Piacenza was an early modern Italian state in the Emilia-Romagna region, historically governed together with Parma and known for its strategic position along the Po River.
-
A.
Duchy of Lucca
The Duchy of Lucca was a small 19th-century Italian state in Tuscany that briefly existed after the Napoleonic era before being absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
-
B.
Duchy of Modena and Reggio
The Duchy of Modena and Reggio was a small northern Italian state ruled mainly by the House of Este until its annexation during the unification of Italy in the 19th century.
-
C.
Duchy of Ferrara
The Duchy of Ferrara was a Renaissance-era Italian state ruled by the House of Este, noted for its cultural flourishing and strategic role in the power politics of northern Italy.
-
D.
Duchy of Milan
The Duchy of Milan was a powerful late medieval and Renaissance state in northern Italy, centered on the city of Milan and long contested by major European powers.
-
E.
Republic of Lucca
The Republic of Lucca was an independent city-state in Tuscany, Italy, that existed from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, known for its republican institutions and commercial prosperity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85b05c848190b7a28ceec2bd7b74 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adba2b93dc819094e9cca1a5d9540a |
completed | March 8, 2026, 6:04 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b66b1c9cb881908df6998f752f13d0 |
completed | March 15, 2026, 8:17 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b66cc2f0a081909c3021683ba6c791 |
completed | March 15, 2026, 8:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b66d36218481908dd59c49d3d55b71 |
completed | March 15, 2026, 8:26 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:16 p.m.