Triple
T3411696
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Tomonaga–Schwinger equation |
E71910
|
entity |
| Predicate | namedAfter |
P63
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Julian Schwinger |
E23122
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Julian Schwinger | Statement: [Tomonaga–Schwinger equation, namedAfter, Julian Schwinger]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Julian Schwinger Context triple: [Tomonaga–Schwinger equation, namedAfter, Julian Schwinger]
-
A.
Julian Schwinger
chosen
Julian Schwinger was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his foundational contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory.
-
B.
Victor F. Weisskopf
Victor F. Weisskopf was an Austrian-American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum electrodynamics, his leadership at CERN and MIT, and his influential role in science education and public advocacy.
-
C.
Abraham Pais
Abraham Pais was a Dutch-American physicist and renowned science historian best known for his influential biographies of Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr and his contributions to particle physics.
-
D.
Melvin Schwartz
Melvin Schwartz was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in neutrino physics, including the first direct detection of the muon neutrino.
-
E.
Gian-Carlo Wick
Gian-Carlo Wick was an Italian theoretical physicist known for major contributions to quantum field theory and particle physics, including the formulation of Wick’s theorem.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad85ac312481909e7027ced1456a9f |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69adb90a76288190b92ef3b26638cd47 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 5:59 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b3546a73988190aeee83c090aa0bcf |
completed | March 13, 2026, 12:03 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:15 p.m.