Triple

T3410526
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Srinivasa Ramanujan E71880 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Ramanujan’s sum
Ramanujan’s sum is a number-theoretic function introduced by Srinivasa Ramanujan, expressing certain periodic arithmetic functions as finite trigonometric sums over primitive roots of unity.
E355439 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Ramanujan’s sum | Statement: [Srinivasa Ramanujan, notableWork, Ramanujan’s sum]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ramanujan’s sum
Context triple: [Srinivasa Ramanujan, notableWork, Ramanujan’s sum]
  • A. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • B. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • C. Poisson summation formula
    The Poisson summation formula is a fundamental result in harmonic analysis that links sums of a function over the integers to sums of its Fourier transform, with deep applications in number theory, signal processing, and physics.
  • D. Bernoulli numbers
    Bernoulli numbers are a sequence of rational numbers that play a central role in number theory and analysis, especially in formulas for sums of powers of integers and in the study of special functions like the Riemann zeta function.
  • E. Jacobi’s four-square theorem
    Jacobi’s four-square theorem is a fundamental result in number theory that gives a precise formula for the number of ways an integer can be expressed as a sum of four squares.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Ramanujan’s sum
Triple: [Srinivasa Ramanujan, notableWork, Ramanujan’s sum]
Generated description
Ramanujan’s sum is a number-theoretic function introduced by Srinivasa Ramanujan, expressing certain periodic arithmetic functions as finite trigonometric sums over primitive roots of unity.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ramanujan’s sum
Target entity description: Ramanujan’s sum is a number-theoretic function introduced by Srinivasa Ramanujan, expressing certain periodic arithmetic functions as finite trigonometric sums over primitive roots of unity.
  • A. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • B. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • C. Poisson summation formula
    The Poisson summation formula is a fundamental result in harmonic analysis that links sums of a function over the integers to sums of its Fourier transform, with deep applications in number theory, signal processing, and physics.
  • D. Bernoulli numbers
    Bernoulli numbers are a sequence of rational numbers that play a central role in number theory and analysis, especially in formulas for sums of powers of integers and in the study of special functions like the Riemann zeta function.
  • E. Jacobi’s four-square theorem
    Jacobi’s four-square theorem is a fundamental result in number theory that gives a precise formula for the number of ways an integer can be expressed as a sum of four squares.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad85ac312481909e7027ced1456a9f completed March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adb9094b2881909262e58a470ed9d0 completed March 8, 2026, 5:59 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b34bdd99248190823875cae2531609 completed March 12, 2026, 11:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b34e4972008190af3b84f26b4a3629 completed March 12, 2026, 11:37 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b34fc6c3f88190ba1a08243232df05 completed March 12, 2026, 11:44 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:15 p.m.