Triple

T3308894
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Leslie Valiant E69521 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning is a foundational framework in computational learning theory that formalizes what it means for an algorithm to efficiently learn a concept from examples with high probability and small error.
E345811 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning) | Statement: [Leslie Valiant, knownFor, Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
Context triple: [Leslie Valiant, knownFor, Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)]
  • A. P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
    "P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
  • B. Statistical Decision Functions
    Statistical Decision Functions is a foundational work in decision theory and statistics that systematically develops the theory of optimal decision-making under uncertainty.
  • C. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • D. Bayesian Occam factor
    The Bayesian Occam factor is a term in Bayesian model comparison that automatically penalizes overly complex models by integrating over their larger parameter spaces, thereby implementing Occam’s razor in probabilistic inference.
  • E. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
Triple: [Leslie Valiant, knownFor, Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)]
Generated description
Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning is a foundational framework in computational learning theory that formalizes what it means for an algorithm to efficiently learn a concept from examples with high probability and small error.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
Target entity description: Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning is a foundational framework in computational learning theory that formalizes what it means for an algorithm to efficiently learn a concept from examples with high probability and small error.
  • A. P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
    "P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
  • B. Statistical Decision Functions
    Statistical Decision Functions is a foundational work in decision theory and statistics that systematically develops the theory of optimal decision-making under uncertainty.
  • C. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • D. Bayesian Occam factor
    The Bayesian Occam factor is a term in Bayesian model comparison that automatically penalizes overly complex models by integrating over their larger parameter spaces, thereby implementing Occam’s razor in probabilistic inference.
  • E. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad859f218081909458d2cebbf57565 completed March 8, 2026, 2:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69adb0e9f33c81909cff835a83e0a657 completed March 8, 2026, 5:24 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b2f3edc0c081908a7f5c02fe18584b completed March 12, 2026, 5:12 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b2fa2ba81c8190bc86a855c59b7c2f completed March 12, 2026, 5:38 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b303a4cb4481908b56ee60765b5fac completed March 12, 2026, 6:19 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:11 p.m.