Triple

T3167274
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jacques Hadamard E66240 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations
"Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations" is a classic mathematical treatise by Jacques Hadamard that systematically develops the theory of existence, uniqueness, and well-posedness for solutions to linear partial differential equations.
E334047 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations | Statement: [Jacques Hadamard, notableWork, Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations
Context triple: [Jacques Hadamard, notableWork, Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations]
  • A. Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
  • B. Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
    Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
  • C. Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem
    The Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem is a fundamental result in partial differential equations that guarantees the existence and uniqueness of analytic solutions to certain initial value problems under appropriate analyticity conditions.
  • D. Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
    "Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
  • E. "Partial Differential Equations"
    "Partial Differential Equations" is a foundational mathematical text that systematically develops the theory and methods for analyzing equations involving multivariable functions and their partial derivatives.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations
Triple: [Jacques Hadamard, notableWork, Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations]
Generated description
"Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations" is a classic mathematical treatise by Jacques Hadamard that systematically develops the theory of existence, uniqueness, and well-posedness for solutions to linear partial differential equations.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lectures on Cauchy’s problem in linear partial differential equations
Target entity description: "Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations" is a classic mathematical treatise by Jacques Hadamard that systematically develops the theory of existence, uniqueness, and well-posedness for solutions to linear partial differential equations.
  • A. Methods of Mathematical Physics
    Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
  • B. Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
    Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
  • C. Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem
    The Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem is a fundamental result in partial differential equations that guarantees the existence and uniqueness of analytic solutions to certain initial value problems under appropriate analyticity conditions.
  • D. Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
    "Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
  • E. "Partial Differential Equations"
    "Partial Differential Equations" is a foundational mathematical text that systematically develops the theory and methods for analyzing equations involving multivariable functions and their partial derivatives.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8585d7988190af37365331093ccd completed March 8, 2026, 2:19 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ada6457acc8190b2b9acbd1cfcdb91 completed March 8, 2026, 4:39 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b235e108cc81909d5733bd00cb0bee completed March 12, 2026, 3:41 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b2372a54a481908a4a954b8986aad7 completed March 12, 2026, 3:46 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b23806a3c8819096069982b3612730 completed March 12, 2026, 3:50 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:06 p.m.