Triple

T3162328

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Louis the Pious	`E66128`	entity
Predicate	predecessorAsEmperor	`P10610`	FINISHED
Object	Charlemagne	`E45038`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Charlemagne | Statement: [Louis the Pious, predecessorAsEmperor, Charlemagne]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Charlemagne
Context triple: [Louis the Pious, predecessorAsEmperor, Charlemagne]

A. Charlemagne chosen
Charlemagne was the medieval Frankish ruler who united much of Western and Central Europe and became the first Holy Roman Emperor, laying foundations for modern European states.
B. Pepin of Italy
Pepin of Italy was a Carolingian king of the Lombards and son of Charlemagne who ruled northern Italy in the late 8th and early 9th centuries.
C. Charles Martel
Charles Martel was an 8th-century Frankish statesman and military leader best known for halting the Muslim advance into Western Europe at the Battle of Tours and laying the foundations for the Carolingian Empire.
D. Emperor Louis the Pious
Emperor Louis the Pious was a 9th-century Frankish ruler, son and successor of Charlemagne, who reigned as Emperor of the Carolingian Empire and was known for his religious devotion and efforts to reform the church and imperial administration.
E. Arnulf of Metz
Arnulf of Metz was a 7th-century Frankish nobleman, bishop, and statesman regarded as a founding ancestor of the Carolingian line that produced Charlemagne.
F. None of above.
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target predicate: predecessorAsEmperor
Context triple: [Louis the Pious, predecessorAsEmperor, Charlemagne]

A. predecessorAsHolyRomanEmperor chosen
Indicates that one entity previously held the position of Holy Roman Emperor immediately before the other entity.
B. predecessorAsEasternAugustus
Indicates that one entity previously held the position of Eastern Roman Emperor immediately before the other entity.
C. predecessorAsEmpressConsort
Indicates that one empress consort held the position immediately before another empress consort in a succession.
D. historicalEntityPredecessor
Indicates that one historical entity existed or held a role before another, serving as its predecessor in time or sequence.
E. previousEmperorReignName
Indicates that the subject emperor’s reign name immediately precedes the object emperor’s reign name in historical succession.
F. None of above.

Provenance (4 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69ad85850c1481908a9e9c6242238de2`	completed	March 8, 2026, 2:19 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69ada618b9b88190afaa6d47dcad9f2c`	completed	March 8, 2026, 4:38 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69b235d07ad88190838a845b5ade05a0`	completed	March 12, 2026, 3:41 a.m.
PD	Predicate disambiguation	`batch_69ad9dfe0a948190928f2201d671c654`	completed	March 8, 2026, 4:04 p.m.

Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:06 p.m.