Triple

T304945
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Augustin-Jean Fresnel E6275 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Mémoire sur la double réfraction
Mémoire sur la double réfraction is a foundational scientific paper by Augustin-Jean Fresnel that advanced the wave theory of light by explaining the phenomenon of double refraction in crystals.
E39834 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Mémoire sur la double réfraction | Statement: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, notableWork, Mémoire sur la double réfraction]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mémoire sur la double réfraction
Context triple: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, notableWork, Mémoire sur la double réfraction]
  • A. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • B. Théorie analytique de la chaleur
    Théorie analytique de la chaleur is Joseph Fourier’s foundational 1822 treatise that introduced Fourier series and laid the mathematical groundwork for the modern theory of heat conduction and harmonic analysis.
  • C. Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
    Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
  • D. Annalen der Physik
    Annalen der Physik is one of the oldest and most prestigious physics journals, historically significant for publishing many foundational works in theoretical physics, including Albert Einstein’s early papers.
  • E. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Mémoire sur la double réfraction
Triple: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, notableWork, Mémoire sur la double réfraction]
Generated description
Mémoire sur la double réfraction is a foundational scientific paper by Augustin-Jean Fresnel that advanced the wave theory of light by explaining the phenomenon of double refraction in crystals.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Mémoire sur la double réfraction
Target entity description: Mémoire sur la double réfraction is a foundational scientific paper by Augustin-Jean Fresnel that advanced the wave theory of light by explaining the phenomenon of double refraction in crystals.
  • A. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • B. Théorie analytique de la chaleur
    Théorie analytique de la chaleur is Joseph Fourier’s foundational 1822 treatise that introduced Fourier series and laid the mathematical groundwork for the modern theory of heat conduction and harmonic analysis.
  • C. Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
    Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
  • D. Annalen der Physik
    Annalen der Physik is one of the oldest and most prestigious physics journals, historically significant for publishing many foundational works in theoretical physics, including Albert Einstein’s early papers.
  • E. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2e79230508190b912ecb555aae17e completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:03 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a2ea11c4908190a8723033bdf6f479 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:13 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a3b472eda88190b573432ba2295162 completed March 1, 2026, 3:37 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a3b700f9208190b7e0a75e6b8fae85 completed March 1, 2026, 3:48 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a3b74aeb008190b7db0f09d944f952 completed March 1, 2026, 3:49 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:06 p.m.