Triple
T304922
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Augustin-Jean Fresnel |
E6275
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Fresnel equations
The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
|
E39347
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fresnel equations | Statement: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, knownFor, Fresnel equations]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fresnel equations Context triple: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, knownFor, Fresnel equations]
-
A.
Snell’s law of refraction
Snell’s law of refraction is a fundamental principle in optics that relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of two media, governing how light bends when passing between them.
-
B.
Huygens–Fresnel principle
The Huygens–Fresnel principle is a fundamental concept in wave optics that explains how every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets whose interference determines the wave’s subsequent propagation and diffraction.
-
C.
Fresnel diffraction theory
Fresnel diffraction theory is a wave-optics framework that describes how light diffracts when source or observation distances are finite, using near-field approximations derived from the Huygens–Fresnel principle.
-
D.
Fraunhofer diffraction
Fraunhofer diffraction is the far-field diffraction pattern of waves, typically light, observed when both the source and observation screen are effectively at infinite distance or made so with lenses, producing characteristic interference patterns.
-
E.
Newtonian optics
Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fresnel equations Triple: [Augustin-Jean Fresnel, knownFor, Fresnel equations]
Generated description
The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fresnel equations Target entity description: The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
-
A.
Snell’s law of refraction
Snell’s law of refraction is a fundamental principle in optics that relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of two media, governing how light bends when passing between them.
-
B.
Huygens–Fresnel principle
The Huygens–Fresnel principle is a fundamental concept in wave optics that explains how every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets whose interference determines the wave’s subsequent propagation and diffraction.
-
C.
Fresnel diffraction theory
Fresnel diffraction theory is a wave-optics framework that describes how light diffracts when source or observation distances are finite, using near-field approximations derived from the Huygens–Fresnel principle.
-
D.
Fraunhofer diffraction
Fraunhofer diffraction is the far-field diffraction pattern of waves, typically light, observed when both the source and observation screen are effectively at infinite distance or made so with lenses, producing characteristic interference patterns.
-
E.
Newtonian optics
Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e79230508190b912ecb555aae17e |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:03 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2ea11c4908190a8723033bdf6f479 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:13 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a3b077a6808190aedb6e347cb749f2 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 3:20 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a3b14ff54481909d37f03ea2d6b455 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 3:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a3b1b81ad88190ad65622d7a664002 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 3:25 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:06 p.m.