Triple

T3037538
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Andrei Kolmogorov E83045 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
E320433 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence | Statement: [Andrei Kolmogorov, notableWork, Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
Context triple: [Andrei Kolmogorov, notableWork, Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence]
  • A. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • B. Kraichnan model of passive scalar advection
    The Kraichnan model of passive scalar advection is a theoretical framework in turbulence that studies how a passively transported quantity (like temperature or pollutant concentration) evolves in a fluid flow modeled by a Gaussian, white-in-time random velocity field.
  • C. Lagrangian-history closure approximation
    The Lagrangian-history closure approximation is a turbulence modeling technique that uses the past trajectories of fluid particles to statistically approximate nonlinear interactions in turbulent flows.
  • D. Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids
    Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids is a seminal scientific monograph by Chia-Shun Yih that develops the theoretical foundations of fluid motion in media with spatially varying density and related properties.
  • E. An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics
    An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics is a classic graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theoretical foundations of fluid mechanics and has become a standard reference in the field.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
Triple: [Andrei Kolmogorov, notableWork, Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence]
Generated description
The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
Target entity description: The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
  • A. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • B. Kraichnan model of passive scalar advection
    The Kraichnan model of passive scalar advection is a theoretical framework in turbulence that studies how a passively transported quantity (like temperature or pollutant concentration) evolves in a fluid flow modeled by a Gaussian, white-in-time random velocity field.
  • C. Lagrangian-history closure approximation
    The Lagrangian-history closure approximation is a turbulence modeling technique that uses the past trajectories of fluid particles to statistically approximate nonlinear interactions in turbulent flows.
  • D. Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids
    Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids is a seminal scientific monograph by Chia-Shun Yih that develops the theoretical foundations of fluid motion in media with spatially varying density and related properties.
  • E. An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics
    An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics is a classic graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theoretical foundations of fluid mechanics and has become a standard reference in the field.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8b2298908190a7cb4e9bdbf064d0 completed March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ad9b2cd4988190b52fe3616ecbe9ef completed March 8, 2026, 3:52 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b1dec8778c8190a5e06a29a0218404 completed March 11, 2026, 9:29 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b1e2c4aaa88190bb5e39c51d0583f0 completed March 11, 2026, 9:46 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b1e3228f488190b13c948c6c5d13d0 completed March 11, 2026, 9:48 p.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:01 p.m.