Triple

T2968807
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Routledge & Kegan Paul E80230 entity
Predicate predecessor P97 FINISHED
Object George Routledge & Sons
George Routledge & Sons was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for producing affordable popular literature and reference works.
 E314220 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: George Routledge & Sons | Statement: [Routledge & Kegan Paul, predecessor, George Routledge & Sons]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: George Routledge & Sons
Context triple: [Routledge & Kegan Paul, predecessor, George Routledge & Sons]
  • A. George Allen & Unwin
    George Allen & Unwin was a prominent British publishing house known for releasing influential works in philosophy, literature, and academic scholarship, including major titles by authors such as Bertrand Russell and J.R.R. Tolkien.
  • B. Smith, Elder & Co.
    Smith, Elder & Co. was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for issuing major literary works and reference titles, including the Dictionary of National Biography.
  • C. Sampson Low
    Sampson Low was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for producing popular literature, children's books, and notable authors' works.
  • D. William Heinemann
    William Heinemann is a British publishing house, founded in the late 19th century, known for issuing works by prominent literary and non-fiction authors.
  • E. Faber and Faber
    Faber and Faber is a renowned independent British publishing house known for its influential catalog of literary fiction, poetry, and drama.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: George Routledge & Sons
Triple: [Routledge & Kegan Paul, predecessor, George Routledge & Sons]
Generated description
George Routledge & Sons was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for producing affordable popular literature and reference works.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: George Routledge & Sons
Target entity description: George Routledge & Sons was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for producing affordable popular literature and reference works.
  • A. George Allen & Unwin
    George Allen & Unwin was a prominent British publishing house known for releasing influential works in philosophy, literature, and academic scholarship, including major titles by authors such as Bertrand Russell and J.R.R. Tolkien.
  • B. Smith, Elder & Co.
    Smith, Elder & Co. was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for issuing major literary works and reference titles, including the Dictionary of National Biography.
  • C. Sampson Low
    Sampson Low was a prominent 19th-century British publishing house known for producing popular literature, children's books, and notable authors' works.
  • D. William Heinemann
    William Heinemann is a British publishing house, founded in the late 19th century, known for issuing works by prominent literary and non-fiction authors.
  • E. Faber and Faber
    Faber and Faber is a renowned independent British publishing house known for its influential catalog of literary fiction, poetry, and drama.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ad8b14ffe881908ffed62f9595c867 completed March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ad9970e2c08190affa5efedb9aad75 completed March 8, 2026, 3:44 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b0fca2e5048190a3659de827ee7da9 completed March 11, 2026, 5:24 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b1006c3ee48190b17b8216a8b700c9 completed March 11, 2026, 5:41 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b100dd4f108190b39926534096d6c7 completed March 11, 2026, 5:42 a.m.
Created at: March 8, 2026, 2:58 p.m.