Triple
T2923780
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Lugdunum |
E78794
|
entity |
| Predicate | battleBetween |
P18835
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus |
E52716
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus | Statement: [Lugdunum, battleBetween, Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus Context triple: [Lugdunum, battleBetween, Septimius Severus and Clodius Albinus]
-
A.
Septimius Severus
chosen
Septimius Severus was a Roman emperor (reigned 193–211 CE) and founder of the Severan dynasty, known for his military campaigns and strengthening of imperial authority.
-
B.
Sextus Julius Severus
Sextus Julius Severus was a prominent 2nd-century Roman general and governor, best known for his decisive role in suppressing the Bar Kokhba revolt in Judea.
-
C.
Libius Severus
Libius Severus was a little-known Western Roman emperor who reigned from 461 to 465 AD as a puppet of the powerful general Ricimer during the empire’s final decline.
-
D.
Caracalla
Caracalla was a Roman emperor best known for granting Roman citizenship to most free inhabitants of the empire and for commissioning the grand Baths of Caracalla in Rome.
-
E.
Avidius Cassius
Avidius Cassius was a 2nd-century Roman general and brief usurper emperor known for his successful eastern campaigns under Marcus Aurelius and his short-lived revolt against the emperor.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad8b0d40b481908bc2a5fa2e73c3fb |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:43 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69ad97bf2df88190bd4f1e90d4656507 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 3:37 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b056375b5c819081c7d4fd506cbf25 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 5:34 p.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 2:55 p.m.