Triple

T2892472
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Charles III, Duke of Parma E63858 entity
Predicate child P120 FINISHED
Object Robert I, Duke of Parma
Robert I, Duke of Parma was the last reigning Duke of Parma, known for his long but largely nominal rule following the duchy's annexation to Italy and for being the son of Charles III, Duke of Parma.
E319870 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Robert I, Duke of Parma | Statement: [Charles III, Duke of Parma, child, Robert I, Duke of Parma]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Robert I, Duke of Parma
Context triple: [Charles III, Duke of Parma, child, Robert I, Duke of Parma]
  • A. Duke of Parma
    The Duke of Parma is a hereditary noble title historically associated with the rulers of the Duchy of Parma in northern Italy.
  • B. Charles III, Duke of Parma
    Charles III, Duke of Parma was a 19th-century Bourbon ruler of the Duchy of Parma, known for his conservative policies and his assassination in 1854.
  • C. Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma
    Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma, was a 16th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of Parma and Piacenza from the influential Farnese family, noted for his political maneuvering within the turbulent Italian Wars and the broader Habsburg–Valois rivalry.
  • D. Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma
    Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma, was an Italian nobleman of the Farnese family who ruled Parma and Piacenza at the turn of the 17th century, consolidating ducal authority and patronizing the arts.
  • E. Infante Philip, Duke of Parma
    Infante Philip, Duke of Parma was an 18th-century Spanish Bourbon prince who became the first Bourbon Duke of Parma and Piacenza, helping to establish Bourbon rule in northern Italy.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Robert I, Duke of Parma
Triple: [Charles III, Duke of Parma, child, Robert I, Duke of Parma]
Generated description
Robert I, Duke of Parma was the last reigning Duke of Parma, known for his long but largely nominal rule following the duchy's annexation to Italy and for being the son of Charles III, Duke of Parma.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Robert I, Duke of Parma
Target entity description: Robert I, Duke of Parma was the last reigning Duke of Parma, known for his long but largely nominal rule following the duchy's annexation to Italy and for being the son of Charles III, Duke of Parma.
  • A. Duke of Parma
    The Duke of Parma is a hereditary noble title historically associated with the rulers of the Duchy of Parma in northern Italy.
  • B. Charles III, Duke of Parma
    Charles III, Duke of Parma was a 19th-century Bourbon ruler of the Duchy of Parma, known for his conservative policies and his assassination in 1854.
  • C. Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma
    Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma, was a 16th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of Parma and Piacenza from the influential Farnese family, noted for his political maneuvering within the turbulent Italian Wars and the broader Habsburg–Valois rivalry.
  • D. Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma
    Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma, was an Italian nobleman of the Farnese family who ruled Parma and Piacenza at the turn of the 17th century, consolidating ducal authority and patronizing the arts.
  • E. Infante Philip, Duke of Parma
    Infante Philip, Duke of Parma was an 18th-century Spanish Bourbon prince who became the first Bourbon Duke of Parma and Piacenza, helping to establish Bourbon rule in northern Italy.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4c45822c8190830c5f2bb97bcfd0 completed March 6, 2026, 9:51 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abe060f49c8190bc804614a141c738 completed March 7, 2026, 8:22 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b1de8b9378819084861d65dd2b9528 completed March 11, 2026, 9:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b1df4acf2881908e969fe0512721bc completed March 11, 2026, 9:31 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b1dff55d5881909b14239a4232e617 completed March 11, 2026, 9:34 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 10:07 p.m.