Triple
T2830216
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Helvering v. Gregory |
E62216
|
entity |
| Predicate | factualBackground |
P20559
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates.
Helvering v. Gregory is a landmark 1935 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that transactions lacking economic substance beyond tax avoidance can be disregarded for tax purposes.
|
E302256
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates. | Statement: [Helvering v. Gregory, factualBackground, Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates.]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates. Context triple: [Helvering v. Gregory, factualBackground, Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates.]
-
A.
Incorporation doctrine
The Incorporation doctrine is a constitutional principle through which most protections in the U.S. Bill of Rights have been made enforceable against state governments via the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
B.
Subchapter S
Subchapter S is the section of U.S. tax law that governs S corporations, allowing certain closely held corporations to pass corporate income, losses, deductions, and credits through to their shareholders for federal tax purposes.
-
C.
Tax Division
The Tax Division is a component of the U.S. Department of Justice responsible for enforcing federal tax laws and handling civil and criminal tax litigation on behalf of the United States.
-
D.
2019 Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation
The 2019 Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation is a landmark declaration by major U.S. CEOs redefining corporate purpose to prioritize all stakeholders—employees, customers, suppliers, and communities—rather than focusing solely on shareholder value.
-
E.
Rule 144
Rule 144 is a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission regulation that provides a safe harbor for the public resale of restricted and control securities if specific holding period, volume, and disclosure conditions are met.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates. Triple: [Helvering v. Gregory, factualBackground, Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates.]
Generated description
Helvering v. Gregory is a landmark 1935 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that transactions lacking economic substance beyond tax avoidance can be disregarded for tax purposes.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gregory caused a new corporation to be formed, transferred appreciated stock to it, then liquidated it to obtain the stock at capital gains rates. Target entity description: Helvering v. Gregory is a landmark 1935 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that transactions lacking economic substance beyond tax avoidance can be disregarded for tax purposes.
-
A.
Incorporation doctrine
The Incorporation doctrine is a constitutional principle through which most protections in the U.S. Bill of Rights have been made enforceable against state governments via the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
B.
Subchapter S
Subchapter S is the section of U.S. tax law that governs S corporations, allowing certain closely held corporations to pass corporate income, losses, deductions, and credits through to their shareholders for federal tax purposes.
-
C.
Tax Division
The Tax Division is a component of the U.S. Department of Justice responsible for enforcing federal tax laws and handling civil and criminal tax litigation on behalf of the United States.
-
D.
2019 Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation
The 2019 Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation is a landmark declaration by major U.S. CEOs redefining corporate purpose to prioritize all stakeholders—employees, customers, suppliers, and communities—rather than focusing solely on shareholder value.
-
E.
Rule 144
Rule 144 is a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission regulation that provides a safe harbor for the public resale of restricted and control securities if specific holding period, volume, and disclosure conditions are met.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab4c3c39188190955b9c49d98463d8 |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:50 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abdebbde4881908dfa78e28c7018e0 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 8:15 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69afceb771d48190a1467a6e58f756ad |
completed | March 10, 2026, 7:56 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69afd21bf66481909d0416cf591fc2cf |
completed | March 10, 2026, 8:11 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69afd28839a881909c758e2ea202242a |
completed | March 10, 2026, 8:12 a.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 10:01 p.m.