Triple

T26866
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Richard Feynman E538 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Feynman–Kac formula
The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
E2031 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Feynman–Kac formula | Statement: [Richard Feynman, knownFor, Feynman–Kac formula]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feynman–Kac formula
Context triple: [Richard Feynman, knownFor, Feynman–Kac formula]
  • A. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • B. Differential analyzer
    The Differential Analyzer is an early analog mechanical computer designed to solve differential equations using interconnected rotating shafts and wheels.
  • C. Cloud Gate
    Cloud Gate is a famous stainless-steel public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor, known for its reflective, bean-like shape and prominence in Chicago’s Millennium Park.
  • D. Fourier analysis
    Fourier analysis is a mathematical method for decomposing functions or signals into sums of sinusoidal components, widely used in fields such as signal processing, physics, and engineering.
  • E. John Nash
    John Nash was an American mathematician renowned for his groundbreaking work in game theory, differential geometry, and partial differential equations, which profoundly influenced economics and the mathematical sciences.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Feynman–Kac formula
Triple: [Richard Feynman, knownFor, Feynman–Kac formula]
Generated description
The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feynman–Kac formula
Target entity description: The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
  • A. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • B. Brownian motion
    Brownian motion is the random, jittery movement of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, whose explanation provided key evidence for the existence of atoms and the molecular nature of matter.
  • C. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • D. Born–Oppenheimer approximation
    The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is a fundamental method in molecular quantum mechanics that simplifies calculations by treating nuclear motion as much slower than electronic motion, allowing their behaviors to be separated.
  • E. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a243b4ac2c8190b93c303df797b7b2 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a246776cf48190aca9855cb07e8d89 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:35 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a248e88e588190a704e7b83d3dc07c completed Feb. 28, 2026, 1:46 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a24c29bf64819087a7b51e8a94c278 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a24cb52c9c8190a27dcb969b989649 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:02 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:34 a.m.