Triple
T2683625
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | H-theorem |
E57430
|
entity |
| Predicate | subjectOf |
P38
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Loschmidt paradox
The Loschmidt paradox is a challenge to Boltzmann’s statistical explanation of the second law of thermodynamics, arguing that time-reversible microscopic dynamics seem incompatible with the observed macroscopic irreversibility of entropy increase.
|
E57430
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Loschmidt paradox | Statement: [H-theorem, subjectOf, Loschmidt paradox]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Loschmidt paradox Context triple: [H-theorem, subjectOf, Loschmidt paradox]
-
A.
H-theorem
The H-theorem is Boltzmann’s foundational result in statistical mechanics that explains the irreversible increase of entropy in a gas from time-reversible microscopic dynamics, providing a key link between mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics.
-
B.
Sackur–Tetrode equation
The Sackur–Tetrode equation is a fundamental formula in statistical mechanics that gives the absolute entropy of an ideal monatomic gas in terms of its volume, temperature, and particle number.
-
C.
Maxwell's demon thought experiment
Maxwell's demon thought experiment is a famous conceptual scenario in thermodynamics that imagines an intelligent being seemingly violating the second law by sorting fast and slow gas molecules without expending energy.
-
D.
Laplace’s demon
Laplace’s demon is a hypothetical intellect in classical determinism that, knowing all forces and positions of particles at one time, could predict the entire future and reconstruct the entire past of the universe.
-
E.
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
The Tolman–Ehrenfest effect is a relativistic thermodynamic phenomenon stating that, in a system at thermal equilibrium within a gravitational field, temperature varies with gravitational potential so that hotter regions occur deeper in the gravitational well.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Loschmidt paradox Triple: [H-theorem, subjectOf, Loschmidt paradox]
Generated description
The Loschmidt paradox is a challenge to Boltzmann’s statistical explanation of the second law of thermodynamics, arguing that time-reversible microscopic dynamics seem incompatible with the observed macroscopic irreversibility of entropy increase.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Loschmidt paradox Target entity description: The Loschmidt paradox is a challenge to Boltzmann’s statistical explanation of the second law of thermodynamics, arguing that time-reversible microscopic dynamics seem incompatible with the observed macroscopic irreversibility of entropy increase.
-
A.
H-theorem
chosen
The H-theorem is Boltzmann’s foundational result in statistical mechanics that explains the irreversible increase of entropy in a gas from time-reversible microscopic dynamics, providing a key link between mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics.
-
B.
Sackur–Tetrode equation
The Sackur–Tetrode equation is a fundamental formula in statistical mechanics that gives the absolute entropy of an ideal monatomic gas in terms of its volume, temperature, and particle number.
-
C.
Maxwell's demon thought experiment
Maxwell's demon thought experiment is a famous conceptual scenario in thermodynamics that imagines an intelligent being seemingly violating the second law by sorting fast and slow gas molecules without expending energy.
-
D.
Laplace’s demon
Laplace’s demon is a hypothetical intellect in classical determinism that, knowing all forces and positions of particles at one time, could predict the entire future and reconstruct the entire past of the universe.
-
E.
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
The Tolman–Ehrenfest effect is a relativistic thermodynamic phenomenon stating that, in a system at thermal equilibrium within a gravitational field, temperature varies with gravitational potential so that hotter regions occur deeper in the gravitational well.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab4a5028388190a36f3baf1588309e |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:42 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abd9d7692c81909d8fd9ce3817161b |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:55 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69afa06c7a908190ae3463bf3e204fa6 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:39 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69afa1196aac81909b25557dff5acf5e |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:42 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69afa1a7d9b48190a8b14a7d209e1f26 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 4:44 a.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:54 p.m.