Triple

T2662918
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Benue–Congo languages E54765 entity
Predicate hasProtoLanguage P2179 FINISHED
Object Proto–Benue–Congo language
Proto–Benue–Congo language is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Benue–Congo branch of the Niger–Congo language family, hypothesized through comparative linguistic methods.
 E342066 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Proto–Benue–Congo language | Statement: [Benue–Congo languages, hasProtoLanguage, Proto–Benue–Congo language]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Proto–Benue–Congo language
Context triple: [Benue–Congo languages, hasProtoLanguage, Proto–Benue–Congo language]
  • A. Benue–Congo languages
    The Benue–Congo languages are a large and diverse branch of African languages that include the widespread Bantu family and are spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa.
  • B. Proto-Niger–Congo
    Proto-Niger–Congo is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Niger–Congo language family, from which many languages across sub-Saharan Africa are believed to have descended.
  • C. Niger–Congo languages
    The Niger–Congo languages form one of the world’s largest language families, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa, including major groups like Bantu.
  • D. Volta–Niger languages
    Volta–Niger languages are a major subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family spoken primarily in southern Nigeria and neighboring parts of West Africa, including languages such as Yoruba and Igbo.
  • E. Adamawa–Ubangi languages
    Adamawa–Ubangi languages are a diverse branch of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in central Africa, including parts of Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and surrounding regions.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Proto–Benue–Congo language
Triple: [Benue–Congo languages, hasProtoLanguage, Proto–Benue–Congo language]
Generated description
Proto–Benue–Congo language is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Benue–Congo branch of the Niger–Congo language family, hypothesized through comparative linguistic methods.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Proto–Benue–Congo language
Target entity description: Proto–Benue–Congo language is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Benue–Congo branch of the Niger–Congo language family, hypothesized through comparative linguistic methods.
  • A. Benue–Congo languages
    The Benue–Congo languages are a large and diverse branch of African languages that include the widespread Bantu family and are spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa.
  • B. Proto-Niger–Congo
    Proto-Niger–Congo is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Niger–Congo language family, from which many languages across sub-Saharan Africa are believed to have descended.
  • C. Niger–Congo languages
    The Niger–Congo languages form one of the world’s largest language families, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa, including major groups like Bantu.
  • D. Volta–Niger languages
    Volta–Niger languages are a major subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family spoken primarily in southern Nigeria and neighboring parts of West Africa, including languages such as Yoruba and Igbo.
  • E. Adamawa–Ubangi languages
    Adamawa–Ubangi languages are a diverse branch of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in central Africa, including parts of Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and surrounding regions.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab49e028948190b97e01d73548b1d9 completed March 6, 2026, 9:40 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd96b9f1c8190a8a9460ca88a9aaf completed March 7, 2026, 7:53 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b28db1ddec8190a6d346afc79cfd8e completed March 12, 2026, 9:56 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b28f6d8a948190b9aac1b90de472d6 completed March 12, 2026, 10:03 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b2c08b196881908e72596d54ab8873 completed March 12, 2026, 1:32 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:53 p.m.