Triple

T2646018
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Karl J. Åström E62984 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers is a widely used textbook that provides a modern, rigorous introduction to control theory and feedback principles for science and engineering students.
E285084 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers | Statement: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
Context triple: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers]
  • A. Systems at Work
    Systems at Work is a permanent exhibition at the National Postal Museum that explores the processes, technology, and people behind the operation of postal systems.
  • B. Dynamic Systems and Control Division
    The Dynamic Systems and Control Division is a technical division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers focused on the modeling, analysis, and control of dynamic engineering systems.
  • C. ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control
    ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on rapid dissemination of research in dynamic systems, control theory, and related engineering applications.
  • D. Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine
    "Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine" is Norbert Wiener's foundational 1948 work that established the field of cybernetics by analyzing feedback, control, and communication in biological organisms and machines.
  • E. control theory
    Control theory is a branch of engineering and mathematics that studies how to model, analyze, and design systems that regulate their own behavior using feedback.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
Triple: [Karl J. Åström, notableWork, Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers]
Generated description
Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers is a widely used textbook that provides a modern, rigorous introduction to control theory and feedback principles for science and engineering students.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
Target entity description: Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers is a widely used textbook that provides a modern, rigorous introduction to control theory and feedback principles for science and engineering students.
  • A. Systems at Work
    Systems at Work is a permanent exhibition at the National Postal Museum that explores the processes, technology, and people behind the operation of postal systems.
  • B. Dynamic Systems and Control Division
    The Dynamic Systems and Control Division is a technical division of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers focused on the modeling, analysis, and control of dynamic engineering systems.
  • C. ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control
    ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on rapid dissemination of research in dynamic systems, control theory, and related engineering applications.
  • D. Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine
    "Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine" is Norbert Wiener's foundational 1948 work that established the field of cybernetics by analyzing feedback, control, and communication in biological organisms and machines.
  • E. control theory
    Control theory is a branch of engineering and mathematics that studies how to model, analyze, and design systems that regulate their own behavior using feedback.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4c3f2dcc819082df80f5e032f690 completed March 6, 2026, 9:50 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd91846b4819093a063c15e1ee6af completed March 7, 2026, 7:51 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af98c721b08190b380d3625126cb55 completed March 10, 2026, 4:06 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69af996e93f08190ac4b8faa64fb0550 completed March 10, 2026, 4:09 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69af99d58744819098633b2b51f7943e completed March 10, 2026, 4:11 a.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:53 p.m.