Triple

T2539026
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 E56337 entity
Predicate heldUnconstitutionalIn P9376 FINISHED
Object United States v. Lopez E7030 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: United States v. Lopez | Statement: [Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, heldUnconstitutionalIn, United States v. Lopez]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States v. Lopez
Context triple: [Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, heldUnconstitutionalIn, United States v. Lopez]
  • A. United States v. Lopez chosen
    United States v. Lopez is a 1995 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked the first time in decades the Court struck down a federal law for exceeding Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause, signaling a revival of limits on federal regulatory authority.
  • B. Van Orden v. Perry
    Van Orden v. Perry is a 2005 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of a Ten Commandments monument on Texas State Capitol grounds against an Establishment Clause challenge.
  • C. South Dakota v. Dole
    South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
  • D. District of Columbia v. Heller
    District of Columbia v. Heller is a landmark 2008 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess firearms unconnected with service in a militia.
  • E. Texas v. White
    Texas v. White was an 1869 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the Union to be indestructible and that states could not unilaterally secede from it.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: heldUnconstitutionalIn
Context triple: [Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, heldUnconstitutionalIn, United States v. Lopez]
  • A. declaredUnconstitutionalInCase chosen
    Indicates that a law, policy, or action was ruled unconstitutional in a specific legal case.
  • B. yearDeclaredUnconstitutional
    Indicates the specific year in which a law, policy, or legal provision was officially ruled unconstitutional.
  • C. section13HeldUnconstitutionalIn
    Indicates that a court has determined Section 13 to be unconstitutional within a specified jurisdiction or legal context.
  • D. hasConstitutionalBasisIn
    Indicates that something derives its legal authority, justification, or foundation from a specific constitutional provision or framework.
  • E. reasonUnconstitutional
    Indicates that something is deemed to violate a constitution and is therefore considered legally unconstitutional.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (4 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab4a49b6508190bc467fbef4bac334 completed March 6, 2026, 9:42 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd64a2194819097c66cbeb37fe859 completed March 7, 2026, 7:39 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af839849288190a6ddf488f3f69203 completed March 10, 2026, 2:36 a.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69abd0c4a5dc819097812db50443420a completed March 7, 2026, 7:16 a.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:47 p.m.