Triple
T2527829
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Alexei Filippenko |
E56079
|
entity |
| Predicate | memberOf |
P10
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
High-z Supernova Search Team
The High-z Supernova Search Team was an international collaboration of astronomers that used distant Type Ia supernovae to discover the accelerating expansion of the universe, leading to the concept of dark energy.
|
E274696
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: High-z Supernova Search Team | Statement: [Alexei Filippenko, memberOf, High-z Supernova Search Team]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: High-z Supernova Search Team Context triple: [Alexei Filippenko, memberOf, High-z Supernova Search Team]
-
A.
Carnegie Supernova Project
The Carnegie Supernova Project is an astronomical research initiative focused on observing and characterizing supernovae to improve measurements of cosmic distances and the expansion of the universe.
-
B.
Sierra Nevada Observatory team
The Sierra Nevada Observatory team is an astronomical research group known for its role in discovering the dwarf planet Haumea.
-
C.
Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey
The Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey is an astronomical research project that combines infrared observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope with optical spectroscopy from the IMACS instrument to study the formation and evolution of galaxies across cosmic time.
-
D.
Dark Energy Survey
The Dark Energy Survey is a large international astronomical project that uses a wide-field camera on a Chilean telescope to map hundreds of millions of galaxies and study the nature of dark energy and cosmic acceleration.
-
E.
LIGO Scientific Collaboration
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration is an international group of scientists and institutions that built and operate the LIGO detectors and made the first direct detection of gravitational waves, confirming a key prediction of Einstein’s general relativity.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: High-z Supernova Search Team Triple: [Alexei Filippenko, memberOf, High-z Supernova Search Team]
Generated description
The High-z Supernova Search Team was an international collaboration of astronomers that used distant Type Ia supernovae to discover the accelerating expansion of the universe, leading to the concept of dark energy.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: High-z Supernova Search Team Target entity description: The High-z Supernova Search Team was an international collaboration of astronomers that used distant Type Ia supernovae to discover the accelerating expansion of the universe, leading to the concept of dark energy.
-
A.
Carnegie Supernova Project
The Carnegie Supernova Project is an astronomical research initiative focused on observing and characterizing supernovae to improve measurements of cosmic distances and the expansion of the universe.
-
B.
Sierra Nevada Observatory team
The Sierra Nevada Observatory team is an astronomical research group known for its role in discovering the dwarf planet Haumea.
-
C.
Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey
The Carnegie-Spitzer-IMACS Survey is an astronomical research project that combines infrared observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope with optical spectroscopy from the IMACS instrument to study the formation and evolution of galaxies across cosmic time.
-
D.
Dark Energy Survey
The Dark Energy Survey is a large international astronomical project that uses a wide-field camera on a Chilean telescope to map hundreds of millions of galaxies and study the nature of dark energy and cosmic acceleration.
-
E.
LIGO Scientific Collaboration
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration is an international group of scientists and institutions that built and operate the LIGO detectors and made the first direct detection of gravitational waves, confirming a key prediction of Einstein’s general relativity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab4a48e4f081908f1218d244608659 |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:42 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abd257ea908190a010c0b785853546 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:23 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69af2bb3b55c81909e72ed055887ecca |
completed | March 9, 2026, 8:21 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69af41aa199c8190b4478a93c41ae18a |
completed | March 9, 2026, 9:54 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69af4277601c8190b55d5c5504dcd0ab |
completed | March 9, 2026, 9:58 p.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:46 p.m.