Triple
T2475546
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Israel Gelfand |
E55078
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Generalized Functions (multi-volume series)
Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) is a foundational multi-volume work in functional analysis and distribution theory that systematically develops the theory of generalized functions and its applications to differential equations and mathematical physics.
|
E270391
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) | Statement: [Israel Gelfand, notableWork, Generalized Functions (multi-volume series)]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) Context triple: [Israel Gelfand, notableWork, Generalized Functions (multi-volume series)]
-
A.
Methods of Mathematical Physics
Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
-
B.
The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications
The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications is a foundational mathematical work by Norbert Wiener that develops and applies Fourier analysis to problems in harmonic analysis and related areas.
-
C.
Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
-
D.
Theorie der Transformationsgruppen
Theorie der Transformationsgruppen is Sophus Lie’s foundational multi-volume work that established the theory of continuous transformation groups, now known as Lie groups, and their applications to differential equations and geometry.
-
E.
Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) Triple: [Israel Gelfand, notableWork, Generalized Functions (multi-volume series)]
Generated description
Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) is a foundational multi-volume work in functional analysis and distribution theory that systematically develops the theory of generalized functions and its applications to differential equations and mathematical physics.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) Target entity description: Generalized Functions (multi-volume series) is a foundational multi-volume work in functional analysis and distribution theory that systematically develops the theory of generalized functions and its applications to differential equations and mathematical physics.
-
A.
Methods of Mathematical Physics
Methods of Mathematical Physics is a classic two-volume textbook by Richard Courant and David Hilbert that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations and techniques used in theoretical physics.
-
B.
The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications
The Fourier Integral and Certain of Its Applications is a foundational mathematical work by Norbert Wiener that develops and applies Fourier analysis to problems in harmonic analysis and related areas.
-
C.
Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications
Méthodes de calcul différentiel absolu et leurs applications is a foundational mathematical work that systematically develops the theory of tensor calculus and its applications, laying groundwork later used in general relativity.
-
D.
Theorie der Transformationsgruppen
Theorie der Transformationsgruppen is Sophus Lie’s foundational multi-volume work that established the theory of continuous transformation groups, now known as Lie groups, and their applications to differential equations and geometry.
-
E.
Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics
Geometrical Methods of Mathematical Physics is a widely used textbook that introduces the differential geometric foundations underlying modern theoretical physics, including topics such as manifolds, tensors, and symmetries.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab49e279e88190ab10d7248aea9d11 |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:40 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abd14c8c388190bbdc486ffed6899e |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:18 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69af17ab837881909bf8704acf9598e4 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 6:55 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69af1a8c7784819088be431513d60325 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:07 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69af1b10738881909b296ecd3ff53c1b |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:10 p.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:45 p.m.