Triple

T2447476
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Neognathae E53627 entity
Predicate sisterGroup P5990 FINISHED
Object Palaeognathae
Palaeognathae is a major clade of mostly flightless birds that includes ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries, kiwis, and tinamous, characterized by their distinctive "old jaw" skull structure.
 E267704 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Palaeognathae | Statement: [Neognathae, sisterGroup, Palaeognathae]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Palaeognathae
Context triple: [Neognathae, sisterGroup, Palaeognathae]
  • A. Mesitornithiformes
    Mesitornithiformes is a small order of ground-dwelling birds endemic to Madagascar, known for their secretive behavior and limited flight.
  • B. Aequornithes
    Aequornithes is a major clade of primarily aquatic, water-associated birds that includes groups such as penguins, loons, petrels, pelicans, and herons.
  • C. Afroaves
    Afroaves is a major clade of birds that includes diverse groups such as raptors, woodpeckers, hornbills, kingfishers, and many others thought to share a common evolutionary origin.
  • D. Ornithurae
    Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
  • E. Casuariiformes
    Casuariiformes is an order of large, flightless birds that includes cassowaries and emus, native primarily to Australia and New Guinea.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Palaeognathae
Triple: [Neognathae, sisterGroup, Palaeognathae]
Generated description
Palaeognathae is a major clade of mostly flightless birds that includes ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries, kiwis, and tinamous, characterized by their distinctive "old jaw" skull structure.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Palaeognathae
Target entity description: Palaeognathae is a major clade of mostly flightless birds that includes ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries, kiwis, and tinamous, characterized by their distinctive "old jaw" skull structure.
  • A. Mesitornithiformes
    Mesitornithiformes is a small order of ground-dwelling birds endemic to Madagascar, known for their secretive behavior and limited flight.
  • B. Aequornithes
    Aequornithes is a major clade of primarily aquatic, water-associated birds that includes groups such as penguins, loons, petrels, pelicans, and herons.
  • C. Afroaves
    Afroaves is a major clade of birds that includes diverse groups such as raptors, woodpeckers, hornbills, kingfishers, and many others thought to share a common evolutionary origin.
  • D. Ornithurae
    Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
  • E. Casuariiformes
    Casuariiformes is an order of large, flightless birds that includes cassowaries and emus, native primarily to Australia and New Guinea.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab495d227c8190b26ae6548eeb1019 completed March 6, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abd0db08948190b2a9e36aebbcdaa1 completed March 7, 2026, 7:16 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69aef0bd7a088190b635a8bac233c5cd completed March 9, 2026, 4:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69aef50bc7ac8190add8ee63c5621dc1 completed March 9, 2026, 4:27 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69aef632e2e08190b21023cbb0f12be8 completed March 9, 2026, 4:32 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:43 p.m.