Triple

T243904
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fermi–Dirac statistics E4993 entity
Predicate relatedConcept P37 FINISHED
Object Fermi energy
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
E31548 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fermi energy | Statement: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi energy
Context triple: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
  • A. Fermi surface
    The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
  • B. Fermi–Dirac statistics
    Fermi–Dirac statistics is the quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and behavior of indistinguishable fermions, such as electrons, which obey the Pauli exclusion principle.
  • C. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • D. Eliashberg theory
    Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
  • E. Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
    Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fermi energy
Triple: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
Generated description
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi energy
Target entity description: Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
  • A. Fermi surface
    The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
  • B. Fermi–Dirac statistics
    Fermi–Dirac statistics is the quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and behavior of indistinguishable fermions, such as electrons, which obey the Pauli exclusion principle.
  • C. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • D. Eliashberg theory
    Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
  • E. Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
    Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a257c3d0708190b0871c4269d273e6 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:49 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a25cef84ac81908fcc175b7f89653b completed Feb. 28, 2026, 3:11 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a36cf2e84c81908d87847d498f96f4 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:32 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a36d68858c81908cc2d2dc94b1a482 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a36dbb7dc88190a75f2c0bbb478ccc completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:35 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:53 a.m.