Triple
T243904
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Fermi–Dirac statistics |
E4993
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedConcept |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Fermi energy
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
|
E31548
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fermi energy | Statement: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi energy Context triple: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
-
A.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
-
B.
Fermi–Dirac statistics
Fermi–Dirac statistics is the quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and behavior of indistinguishable fermions, such as electrons, which obey the Pauli exclusion principle.
-
C.
Feynman–Hellmann theorem
The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
-
D.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
E.
Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fermi energy Triple: [Fermi–Dirac statistics, relatedConcept, Fermi energy]
Generated description
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fermi energy Target entity description: Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
-
A.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
-
B.
Fermi–Dirac statistics
Fermi–Dirac statistics is the quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and behavior of indistinguishable fermions, such as electrons, which obey the Pauli exclusion principle.
-
C.
Feynman–Hellmann theorem
The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
-
D.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
E.
Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics
Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is a classical statistical framework in physics that describes the distribution of speeds or energies among distinguishable, non-quantum particles in thermal equilibrium.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a257c3d0708190b0871c4269d273e6 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 2:49 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a25cef84ac81908fcc175b7f89653b |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 3:11 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a36cf2e84c81908d87847d498f96f4 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 10:32 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a36d68858c81908cc2d2dc94b1a482 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 10:34 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a36dbb7dc88190a75f2c0bbb478ccc |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 10:35 p.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:53 a.m.