Triple

T2427206
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Isidor Isaac Rabi E53556 entity
Predicate notableConcept P201 FINISHED
Object Rabi frequency
Rabi frequency is a fundamental quantity in quantum mechanics that characterizes the rate at which a two-level quantum system coherently oscillates between states under the influence of an oscillating external field.
E266173 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rabi frequency | Statement: [Isidor Isaac Rabi, notableConcept, Rabi frequency]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rabi frequency
Context triple: [Isidor Isaac Rabi, notableConcept, Rabi frequency]
  • A. Huang–Rhys factor
    The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
  • B. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • C. Rydberg constant
    The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
  • D. Unruh effect
    The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
  • E. Fokker–Planck equation
    The Fokker–Planck equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of the probability density function of a stochastic (random) process, such as Brownian motion.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rabi frequency
Triple: [Isidor Isaac Rabi, notableConcept, Rabi frequency]
Generated description
Rabi frequency is a fundamental quantity in quantum mechanics that characterizes the rate at which a two-level quantum system coherently oscillates between states under the influence of an oscillating external field.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rabi frequency
Target entity description: Rabi frequency is a fundamental quantity in quantum mechanics that characterizes the rate at which a two-level quantum system coherently oscillates between states under the influence of an oscillating external field.
  • A. Huang–Rhys factor
    The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
  • B. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • C. Rydberg constant
    The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
  • D. Unruh effect
    The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
  • E. Fokker–Planck equation
    The Fokker–Planck equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of the probability density function of a stochastic (random) process, such as Brownian motion.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab495c44d48190b7235b23719bc3f6 completed March 6, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc99d0b1c8190bf0a94fa07919d21 completed March 7, 2026, 6:45 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69aebf637be4819096874a24e87f84ab completed March 9, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69aec7698e9881909c75137cb5cf2a0c completed March 9, 2026, 1:13 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69aec87df0648190b8099b4eaa3d9b22 completed March 9, 2026, 1:17 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:42 p.m.