Triple

T2419168
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Allan R. Sandage E52378 entity
Predicate familyName P18 FINISHED
Object Sandage
Sandage is a surname most notably associated with Allan R. Sandage, a prominent American astronomer known for his work on the expansion rate and age of the universe.
 E265291 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Sandage | Statement: [Allan R. Sandage, familyName, Sandage]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Sandage
Context triple: [Allan R. Sandage, familyName, Sandage]
  • A. Bardeen
    Bardeen is a surname most notably associated with John Bardeen, the American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
  • B. Barnard
    Barnard is a surname and given name of English and French origin, borne by various notable individuals and institutions.
  • C. Udir
    Udir is the commonly used abbreviation for the Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training, the national authority responsible for implementing and overseeing Norway’s education policy.
  • D. Sagan
    Sagan is a town in present-day Żagań, Poland, historically known as a center where the astronomer Johannes Kepler conducted part of his scientific work.
  • E. Koios
    Koios is a Titan from Greek mythology associated with intelligence and the axis of heaven, often identified as the father of Leto and Asteria.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Sandage
Triple: [Allan R. Sandage, familyName, Sandage]
Generated description
Sandage is a surname most notably associated with Allan R. Sandage, a prominent American astronomer known for his work on the expansion rate and age of the universe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Sandage
Target entity description: Sandage is a surname most notably associated with Allan R. Sandage, a prominent American astronomer known for his work on the expansion rate and age of the universe.
  • A. Bardeen
    Bardeen is a surname most notably associated with John Bardeen, the American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics twice for his work on the transistor and superconductivity.
  • B. Barnard
    Barnard is a surname and given name of English and French origin, borne by various notable individuals and institutions.
  • C. Udir
    Udir is the commonly used abbreviation for the Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training, the national authority responsible for implementing and overseeing Norway’s education policy.
  • D. Sagan
    Sagan is a town in present-day Żagań, Poland, historically known as a center where the astronomer Johannes Kepler conducted part of his scientific work.
  • E. Koios
    Koios is a Titan from Greek mythology associated with intelligence and the axis of heaven, often identified as the father of Leto and Asteria.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ab495622948190bc6bc6e4cddaf645 completed March 6, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc96e1b3881909de57501b5d4099a completed March 7, 2026, 6:45 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69aebf5397508190b755e522060041c0 completed March 9, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69aec3cf3d8881908d0e5d72f625634c completed March 9, 2026, 12:57 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69aec488a4448190b2e9bf40a0fea5ee completed March 9, 2026, 1 p.m.
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:42 p.m.