Triple

T2384370
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Zohar Manna E46383 entity
Predicate authorOf P4244 FINISHED
Object Verification of Concurrent Programs
"Verification of Concurrent Programs" is a foundational computer science text that presents formal methods and techniques for proving the correctness of programs that execute concurrently.
E260373 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Verification of Concurrent Programs | Statement: [Zohar Manna, authorOf, Verification of Concurrent Programs]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Verification of Concurrent Programs
Context triple: [Zohar Manna, authorOf, Verification of Concurrent Programs]
  • A. Model Checking (book)
    "Model Checking" is a foundational textbook that systematically presents the theory and practice of using automated verification techniques to prove correctness properties of hardware and software systems.
  • B. Symbolic Model Checking
    Symbolic Model Checking is a formal verification technique that uses symbolic representations, such as binary decision diagrams, to efficiently verify properties of hardware and software systems with very large state spaces.
  • C. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • D. CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems)
    CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems) is a formal process calculus introduced by Robin Milner for modeling, specifying, and reasoning about concurrent, communicating systems in computer science.
  • E. "How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs"
    "How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs" is a seminal paper by Leslie Lamport that introduced foundational concepts for ensuring correctness and consistency in concurrent and multiprocessor systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Verification of Concurrent Programs
Triple: [Zohar Manna, authorOf, Verification of Concurrent Programs]
Generated description
"Verification of Concurrent Programs" is a foundational computer science text that presents formal methods and techniques for proving the correctness of programs that execute concurrently.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Verification of Concurrent Programs
Target entity description: "Verification of Concurrent Programs" is a foundational computer science text that presents formal methods and techniques for proving the correctness of programs that execute concurrently.
  • A. Model Checking (book)
    "Model Checking" is a foundational textbook that systematically presents the theory and practice of using automated verification techniques to prove correctness properties of hardware and software systems.
  • B. Symbolic Model Checking
    Symbolic Model Checking is a formal verification technique that uses symbolic representations, such as binary decision diagrams, to efficiently verify properties of hardware and software systems with very large state spaces.
  • C. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • D. CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems)
    CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems) is a formal process calculus introduced by Robin Milner for modeling, specifying, and reasoning about concurrent, communicating systems in computer science.
  • E. "How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs"
    "How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs" is a seminal paper by Leslie Lamport that introduced foundational concepts for ensuring correctness and consistency in concurrent and multiprocessor systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88a1554a48190a0180682bcf099be completed March 4, 2026, 7:37 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc7bc87d0819090cd9d19d748bcc3 completed March 7, 2026, 6:37 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69aea8bae2ec8190962479832bf7762e completed March 9, 2026, 11:02 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69aeab4258f88190a7a009d0fa501dd4 completed March 9, 2026, 11:13 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69aeaba59cd08190981af351019b3e81 completed March 9, 2026, 11:14 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:57 p.m.