Triple

T2345766
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Billings E45126 entity
Predicate namedAfter P63 FINISHED
Object Frederick H. Billings
Frederick H. Billings was a 19th-century American lawyer, financier, and president of the Northern Pacific Railway, known for his role in railroad expansion and conservation efforts in the American West.
E282788 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Frederick H. Billings | Statement: [Billings, namedAfter, Frederick H. Billings]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frederick H. Billings
Context triple: [Billings, namedAfter, Frederick H. Billings]
  • A. Charles Ranlett Flint
    Charles Ranlett Flint was an American financier and industrialist best known for orchestrating mergers that led to the creation of major corporations, including the company that became IBM.
  • B. Amos G. Throop
    Amos G. Throop was an American educator and philanthropist whose early vocational school in Pasadena evolved into the California Institute of Technology.
  • C. George C. Perkins
    George C. Perkins was an American politician and businessman who served as the 14th governor of California and later as a U.S. Senator.
  • D. Leffert L. Buck
    Leffert L. Buck was an American civil engineer known for his pioneering work in long-span bridge design at the turn of the 20th century.
  • E. Horace W. Peaslee
    Horace W. Peaslee was an American architect best known for designing prominent public monuments and civic buildings in the early to mid-20th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Frederick H. Billings
Triple: [Billings, namedAfter, Frederick H. Billings]
Generated description
Frederick H. Billings was a 19th-century American lawyer, financier, and president of the Northern Pacific Railway, known for his role in railroad expansion and conservation efforts in the American West.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frederick H. Billings
Target entity description: Frederick H. Billings was a 19th-century American lawyer, financier, and president of the Northern Pacific Railway, known for his role in railroad expansion and conservation efforts in the American West.
  • A. Charles Ranlett Flint
    Charles Ranlett Flint was an American financier and industrialist best known for orchestrating mergers that led to the creation of major corporations, including the company that became IBM.
  • B. Amos G. Throop
    Amos G. Throop was an American educator and philanthropist whose early vocational school in Pasadena evolved into the California Institute of Technology.
  • C. George C. Perkins
    George C. Perkins was an American politician and businessman who served as the 14th governor of California and later as a U.S. Senator.
  • D. Leffert L. Buck
    Leffert L. Buck was an American civil engineer known for his pioneering work in long-span bridge design at the turn of the 20th century.
  • E. Horace W. Peaslee
    Horace W. Peaslee was an American architect best known for designing prominent public monuments and civic buildings in the early to mid-20th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88917935081909b755dbf38e81024 completed March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abc6c7cb9481909405aeb503f804ae completed March 7, 2026, 6:33 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69af905b6cfc8190a7c3b51f121cdb18 completed March 10, 2026, 3:30 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69af9104c1c48190b0f6851ac9422239 completed March 10, 2026, 3:33 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69af9174ef4c8190a219405377fd166a completed March 10, 2026, 3:35 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:52 p.m.