Triple

T23324379
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject The Shame of the Cities E591247 entity
Predicate author P4 FINISHED
Object Lincoln Steffens — NE NERFINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lincoln Steffens | Statement: [The Shame of the Cities, author, Lincoln Steffens]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Lincoln Steffens
Context triple: [The Shame of the Cities, author, Lincoln Steffens]
  • A. Lincoln Steffens chosen
    Lincoln Steffens was a prominent American muckraking journalist whose exposés of political corruption in city governments made him a leading voice of the Progressive Era reform movement.
  • B. Henry Willson
    Henry Willson was a powerful mid-20th-century Hollywood talent agent best known for crafting the public images and careers of several major male film stars.
  • C. Herbert L. Matthews
    Herbert L. Matthews was an influential American journalist and foreign correspondent for The New York Times, best known for his reporting on revolutionary movements, particularly in Cuba.
  • D. Samuel Sidney McClure
    Samuel Sidney McClure was an influential American publisher and editor best known for founding McClure's Magazine, a leading muckraking periodical of the Progressive Era.
  • E. Joseph Medill
    Joseph Medill was a prominent 19th-century American newspaper editor and publisher who co-owned and led the Chicago Tribune and served as mayor of Chicago after the Great Fire of 1871.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (2 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69e25d1effe4819096907f95f610dbff elicitation completed
NER batch_69f19787ee90819083416193efaab20f ner completed
Created at: April 17, 2026, 5:08 p.m.