Triple

T23036790
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lewis Fry Richardson E573618 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Richardson’s law of turbulence — NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Richardson’s law of turbulence | Statement: [Lewis Fry Richardson, knownFor, Richardson’s law of turbulence]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Richardson’s law of turbulence
Context triple: [Lewis Fry Richardson, knownFor, Richardson’s law of turbulence]
  • A. Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
    The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
  • B. Taylor microscale in turbulence
    The Taylor microscale in turbulence is a characteristic length scale that quantifies the size of eddies where viscous dissipation begins to significantly affect turbulent motion, bridging the gap between large energy-containing eddies and the smallest dissipative scales.
  • C. Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov
    Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov is a comprehensive monograph on the theory of turbulence that examines and extends Andrey Kolmogorov’s foundational contributions to fluid dynamics and statistical physics.
  • D. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • E. A First Course in Turbulence
    A First Course in Turbulence is a foundational textbook that introduces the theory, physics, and mathematical modeling of turbulent flows for advanced students in fluid mechanics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Richardson’s law of turbulence
Target entity description: Richardson’s law of turbulence is a scaling rule in fluid dynamics that describes how energy cascades from large to progressively smaller eddies in turbulent flow.
  • A. Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
    The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
  • B. Taylor microscale in turbulence
    The Taylor microscale in turbulence is a characteristic length scale that quantifies the size of eddies where viscous dissipation begins to significantly affect turbulent motion, bridging the gap between large energy-containing eddies and the smallest dissipative scales.
  • C. Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov
    Turbulence: The Legacy of A. N. Kolmogorov is a comprehensive monograph on the theory of turbulence that examines and extends Andrey Kolmogorov’s foundational contributions to fluid dynamics and statistical physics.
  • D. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • E. A First Course in Turbulence
    A First Course in Turbulence is a foundational textbook that introduces the theory, physics, and mathematical modeling of turbulent flows for advanced students in fluid mechanics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e245b911188190bc3d96326c847969 completed April 17, 2026, 2:37 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69f1850fe5348190b42259595d82cff4 completed April 29, 2026, 4:12 a.m.
Created at: April 17, 2026, 3:53 p.m.