Triple
T2261530
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Erwin N. Griswold |
E50049
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
“Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation”
“Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” is a leading law school casebook, originally authored by Erwin N. Griswold, that compiles key cases, statutes, and commentary to teach and analyze U.S. federal tax law.
|
E251256
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” | Statement: [Erwin N. Griswold, notableWork, “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation”]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” Context triple: [Erwin N. Griswold, notableWork, “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation”]
-
A.
Columbia Journal of Tax Law
The Columbia Journal of Tax Law is an academic law review published by Columbia Law School that focuses on scholarship and analysis in the field of tax law and policy.
-
B.
Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure
The Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure are the procedural rules that govern how cases are conducted, filed, and adjudicated before the United States Tax Court.
-
C.
Copyright: Cases and Materials
"Copyright: Cases and Materials" is a leading law school casebook on U.S. copyright law, co-authored by Jane C. Ginsburg and widely used for teaching and scholarly reference.
-
D.
Tax Law Center
The Tax Law Center is a research and policy institute at New York University School of Law that focuses on improving the fairness and effectiveness of tax law and administration.
-
E.
Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution
The Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution is a provision that restricts the federal government from imposing direct taxes unless they are apportioned among the states according to population.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” Triple: [Erwin N. Griswold, notableWork, “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation”]
Generated description
“Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” is a leading law school casebook, originally authored by Erwin N. Griswold, that compiles key cases, statutes, and commentary to teach and analyze U.S. federal tax law.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” Target entity description: “Cases and Materials on Federal Taxation” is a leading law school casebook, originally authored by Erwin N. Griswold, that compiles key cases, statutes, and commentary to teach and analyze U.S. federal tax law.
-
A.
Columbia Journal of Tax Law
The Columbia Journal of Tax Law is an academic law review published by Columbia Law School that focuses on scholarship and analysis in the field of tax law and policy.
-
B.
Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure
The Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure are the procedural rules that govern how cases are conducted, filed, and adjudicated before the United States Tax Court.
-
C.
Copyright: Cases and Materials
"Copyright: Cases and Materials" is a leading law school casebook on U.S. copyright law, co-authored by Jane C. Ginsburg and widely used for teaching and scholarly reference.
-
D.
Tax Law Center
The Tax Law Center is a research and policy institute at New York University School of Law that focuses on improving the fairness and effectiveness of tax law and administration.
-
E.
Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution
The Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution is a provision that restricts the federal government from imposing direct taxes unless they are apportioned among the states according to population.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a88b01e0048190ba96431b5f990ba9 |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:41 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abc18aa9d48190893ca32558730e9c |
completed | March 7, 2026, 6:11 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ae71cdacb48190bc11e9e0e6b61ba0 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:07 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ae727388f48190bbb516e1cc907689 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:10 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ae733c44008190ac1429da66cf77aa |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:14 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:48 p.m.