Triple

T22197954
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Kardam of Bulgaria E548595 entity
Predicate notableEvent P259 FINISHED
Object Battle of Marcellae (792) NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Battle of Marcellae (792) | Statement: [Kardam of Bulgaria, notableEvent, Battle of Marcellae (792)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Marcellae (792)
Context triple: [Kardam of Bulgaria, notableEvent, Battle of Marcellae (792)]
  • A. Battle of Marciano
    The Battle of Marciano was a key 1554 clash in Tuscany during the Italian Wars, where imperial and Florentine forces decisively defeated the Republic of Siena, leading to Medici control over the region.
  • B. Battle of Syllaeum (677)
    The Battle of Syllaeum (677) was a major naval clash in which the Byzantine fleet decisively defeated the Arab navy off the coast of Asia Minor, helping to halt the early Muslim advance in the eastern Mediterranean.
  • C. Battle of Mediolanum (259)
    The Battle of Mediolanum (259) was a major Roman victory under Emperor Gallienus against invading Alemanni forces near Milan, helping to temporarily secure northern Italy during the Crisis of the Third Century.
  • D. Battle of Carpi
    The Battle of Carpi was a 1701 engagement in the War of the Spanish Succession in northern Italy, where French forces clashed with Austrian troops in one of the conflict’s early campaigns.
  • E. Battle of Sirmium (1167)
    The Battle of Sirmium (1167) was a decisive Byzantine victory under Emperor Manuel I Komnenos against the Kingdom of Hungary, securing imperial dominance over the central Balkans.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Marcellae (792)
Target entity description: The Battle of Marcellae (792) was a significant medieval clash between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire in which the Bulgarians, led by Khan Kardam, decisively defeated Emperor Constantine VI’s forces.
  • A. Battle of Marciano
    The Battle of Marciano was a key 1554 clash in Tuscany during the Italian Wars, where imperial and Florentine forces decisively defeated the Republic of Siena, leading to Medici control over the region.
  • B. Battle of Syllaeum (677)
    The Battle of Syllaeum (677) was a major naval clash in which the Byzantine fleet decisively defeated the Arab navy off the coast of Asia Minor, helping to halt the early Muslim advance in the eastern Mediterranean.
  • C. Battle of Mediolanum (259)
    The Battle of Mediolanum (259) was a major Roman victory under Emperor Gallienus against invading Alemanni forces near Milan, helping to temporarily secure northern Italy during the Crisis of the Third Century.
  • D. Battle of Carpi
    The Battle of Carpi was a 1701 engagement in the War of the Spanish Succession in northern Italy, where French forces clashed with Austrian troops in one of the conflict’s early campaigns.
  • E. Battle of Sirmium (1167)
    The Battle of Sirmium (1167) was a decisive Byzantine victory under Emperor Manuel I Komnenos against the Kingdom of Hungary, securing imperial dominance over the central Balkans.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e11e3ecc7c8190b5f94cd8f42e9d37 completed April 16, 2026, 5:37 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69f12ae8c74c819080c7f9e8383ecaa7 completed April 28, 2026, 9:47 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 8:36 p.m.