Triple

T2208588
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject tau lepton E50859 entity
Predicate discoveredBy P412 FINISHED
Object Martin Perl
Martin Perl was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his experimental discovery of the tau lepton, a heavier cousin of the electron.
 E244514 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Martin Perl | Statement: [tau lepton, discoveredBy, Martin Perl]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Martin Perl
Context triple: [tau lepton, discoveredBy, Martin Perl]
  • A. Jerome Friedman
    Jerome Friedman is an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering experimental work that confirmed the existence of quarks as fundamental constituents of matter.
  • B. Leon Lederman
    Leon Lederman was an American experimental physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in particle physics, including the discovery of the muon neutrino and contributions to the development of the Standard Model.
  • C. Sidney Drell
    Sidney Drell was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum field theory and particle physics, as well as for his influential work in national security and arms control policy.
  • D. Raymond Davis Jr.
    Raymond Davis Jr. was an American physicist best known for his pioneering work in neutrino astronomy, particularly the first detection of solar neutrinos.
  • E. Simon van der Meer
    Simon van der Meer was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate whose innovations in particle accelerator technology were crucial to major discoveries in high-energy physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Martin Perl
Triple: [tau lepton, discoveredBy, Martin Perl]
Generated description
Martin Perl was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his experimental discovery of the tau lepton, a heavier cousin of the electron.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Martin Perl
Target entity description: Martin Perl was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his experimental discovery of the tau lepton, a heavier cousin of the electron.
  • A. Jerome Friedman
    Jerome Friedman is an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering experimental work that confirmed the existence of quarks as fundamental constituents of matter.
  • B. Leon Lederman
    Leon Lederman was an American experimental physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in particle physics, including the discovery of the muon neutrino and contributions to the development of the Standard Model.
  • C. Sidney Drell
    Sidney Drell was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum field theory and particle physics, as well as for his influential work in national security and arms control policy.
  • D. Raymond Davis Jr.
    Raymond Davis Jr. was an American physicist best known for his pioneering work in neutrino astronomy, particularly the first detection of solar neutrinos.
  • E. Simon van der Meer
    Simon van der Meer was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate whose innovations in particle accelerator technology were crucial to major discoveries in high-energy physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88b06709c8190978fb2418470d1b6 completed March 4, 2026, 7:41 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abbfcd53b88190991961f103a3e09a completed March 7, 2026, 6:03 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae654e22b48190bb40f7c61bb359b1 completed March 9, 2026, 6:14 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae6608d3ac8190923cd6a6ce7c4c89 completed March 9, 2026, 6:17 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae66a751f881908fda164de72dac9b completed March 9, 2026, 6:20 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:46 p.m.