Triple

T2169591
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Edmund M. Clarke E46990 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Model Checking (book)
"Model Checking" is a foundational textbook that systematically presents the theory and practice of using automated verification techniques to prove correctness properties of hardware and software systems.
E241708 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Model Checking (book) | Statement: [Edmund M. Clarke, notableWork, Model Checking (book)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Model Checking (book)
Context triple: [Edmund M. Clarke, notableWork, Model Checking (book)]
  • A. Symbolic Model Checking
    Symbolic Model Checking is a formal verification technique that uses symbolic representations, such as binary decision diagrams, to efficiently verify properties of hardware and software systems with very large state spaces.
  • B. Z3: An Efficient SMT Solver
    Z3: An Efficient SMT Solver is a high-performance satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver widely used in program verification, formal methods, and automated reasoning.
  • C. CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems)
    CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems) is a formal process calculus introduced by Robin Milner for modeling, specifying, and reasoning about concurrent, communicating systems in computer science.
  • D. Temporal Logic of Actions
    Temporal Logic of Actions is a formal framework for specifying and reasoning about concurrent and distributed systems using temporal logic to describe system behaviors over time.
  • E. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Model Checking (book)
Triple: [Edmund M. Clarke, notableWork, Model Checking (book)]
Generated description
"Model Checking" is a foundational textbook that systematically presents the theory and practice of using automated verification techniques to prove correctness properties of hardware and software systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Model Checking (book)
Target entity description: "Model Checking" is a foundational textbook that systematically presents the theory and practice of using automated verification techniques to prove correctness properties of hardware and software systems.
  • A. Symbolic Model Checking
    Symbolic Model Checking is a formal verification technique that uses symbolic representations, such as binary decision diagrams, to efficiently verify properties of hardware and software systems with very large state spaces.
  • B. Z3: An Efficient SMT Solver
    Z3: An Efficient SMT Solver is a high-performance satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver widely used in program verification, formal methods, and automated reasoning.
  • C. CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems)
    CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems) is a formal process calculus introduced by Robin Milner for modeling, specifying, and reasoning about concurrent, communicating systems in computer science.
  • D. Temporal Logic of Actions
    Temporal Logic of Actions is a formal framework for specifying and reasoning about concurrent and distributed systems using temporal logic to describe system behaviors over time.
  • E. Hoare logic
    Hoare logic is a formal system in computer science used to reason rigorously about the correctness of computer programs using logical assertions about program states.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88a184cbc8190877791f6552c2484 completed March 4, 2026, 7:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abbeaeb58881908ad34f7b253bac2a completed March 7, 2026, 5:59 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ae5d9a74e081909d8945fe03c8d0fa completed March 9, 2026, 5:41 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ae5e30a69c8190a3f77e784401f671 completed March 9, 2026, 5:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ae5ea4edcc81908829e4bd64ce0aea completed March 9, 2026, 5:46 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:45 p.m.