Triple

T21674565
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Robert Wald E534934 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics | Statement: [Robert Wald, notableWork, Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics
Context triple: [Robert Wald, notableWork, Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics]
  • A. “Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation”
    “Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation” is a seminal paper by Gary W. Gibbons that explores the thermodynamic properties and quantum particle production associated with cosmological event horizons in expanding universes.
  • B. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
    Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
  • C. The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
    The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
  • D. “The four laws of black hole mechanics”
    “The four laws of black hole mechanics” is a foundational 1973 paper in theoretical physics that established the analogy between black hole dynamics and the laws of thermodynamics, laying the groundwork for black hole thermodynamics.
  • E. Hawking radiation
    Hawking radiation is the theoretical blackbody radiation predicted to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects near the event horizon, causing them to lose mass and eventually evaporate.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics
Target entity description: Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black Hole Thermodynamics is a foundational graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops quantum field theory on curved backgrounds and explains the theoretical basis of black hole radiation and thermodynamics.
  • A. “Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation”
    “Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation” is a seminal paper by Gary W. Gibbons that explores the thermodynamic properties and quantum particle production associated with cosmological event horizons in expanding universes.
  • B. Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
    Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
  • C. The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
    The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
  • D. “The four laws of black hole mechanics”
    “The four laws of black hole mechanics” is a foundational 1973 paper in theoretical physics that established the analogy between black hole dynamics and the laws of thermodynamics, laying the groundwork for black hole thermodynamics.
  • E. Hawking radiation
    Hawking radiation is the theoretical blackbody radiation predicted to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects near the event horizon, causing them to lose mass and eventually evaporate.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0c46898008190aa618a4af55bd1ee completed April 16, 2026, 11:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ef8a0ed5388190b8f1932fb3f11c6a completed April 27, 2026, 4:08 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 6:41 p.m.