Triple
T21674518
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Saul Teukolsky |
E534933
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes | Statement: [Saul Teukolsky, knownFor, Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes Context triple: [Saul Teukolsky, knownFor, Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes]
-
A.
“Rotating Black Holes: Locally Nonrotating Frames, Energy Extraction, and Scalar Synchrotron Radiation”
“Rotating Black Holes: Locally Nonrotating Frames, Energy Extraction, and Scalar Synchrotron Radiation” is a seminal research paper by James M. Bardeen that analyzes the physics of rotating (Kerr) black holes, introducing locally nonrotating frames and mechanisms for extracting energy from their rotation.
-
B.
Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes
The Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes is a foundational theoretical framework that analyzes the formation, structure, and astrophysical properties of black holes within the context of general relativity and high-energy astrophysics.
-
C.
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
-
D.
Bardeen black hole model
The Bardeen black hole model is a theoretical proposal of a regular (non-singular) black hole solution in general relativity that avoids the central singularity by coupling gravity to nonlinear electrodynamics.
-
E.
Newman–Penrose formalism
The Newman–Penrose formalism is a mathematical framework in general relativity that uses null tetrads and spin coefficients to simplify the analysis of spacetime geometry and gravitational radiation.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes Target entity description: The Teukolsky formalism for perturbations of rotating black holes is a mathematical framework that describes how fields and gravitational waves behave around Kerr black holes by reducing their perturbations to a separable wave equation.
-
A.
“Rotating Black Holes: Locally Nonrotating Frames, Energy Extraction, and Scalar Synchrotron Radiation”
“Rotating Black Holes: Locally Nonrotating Frames, Energy Extraction, and Scalar Synchrotron Radiation” is a seminal research paper by James M. Bardeen that analyzes the physics of rotating (Kerr) black holes, introducing locally nonrotating frames and mechanisms for extracting energy from their rotation.
-
B.
Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes
The Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes is a foundational theoretical framework that analyzes the formation, structure, and astrophysical properties of black holes within the context of general relativity and high-energy astrophysics.
-
C.
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
-
D.
Bardeen black hole model
The Bardeen black hole model is a theoretical proposal of a regular (non-singular) black hole solution in general relativity that avoids the central singularity by coupling gravity to nonlinear electrodynamics.
-
E.
Newman–Penrose formalism
chosen
The Newman–Penrose formalism is a mathematical framework in general relativity that uses null tetrads and spin coefficients to simplify the analysis of spacetime geometry and gravitational radiation.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69e0c46898008190aa618a4af55bd1ee |
completed | April 16, 2026, 11:13 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69ef8a0ed5388190b8f1932fb3f11c6a |
completed | April 27, 2026, 4:08 p.m. |
Created at: April 16, 2026, 6:41 p.m.