Triple

T20987864
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Law and Literature E516938 entity
Predicate author P4 FINISHED
Object Benjamin N. Cardozo — NE NERFINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Benjamin N. Cardozo | Statement: [Law and Literature, author, Benjamin N. Cardozo]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Benjamin N. Cardozo
Context triple: [Law and Literature, author, Benjamin N. Cardozo]
  • A. Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo chosen
    Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo was a highly influential Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court known for his progressive jurisprudence and landmark opinions shaping constitutional and common law in the early 20th century.
  • B. Felix Frankfurter
    Felix Frankfurter was an influential American jurist and Harvard Law professor who served as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1939 to 1962.
  • C. Ernst Freund
    Ernst Freund was a prominent German-American legal scholar and political scientist known for his foundational work in administrative law and his long association with the University of Chicago.
  • D. Justice Willis Van Devanter
    Justice Willis Van Devanter was an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President William Howard Taft, known for his conservative jurisprudence and frequent opposition to New Deal legislation.
  • E. Justice Louis D. Brandeis
    Justice Louis D. Brandeis was a prominent early 20th-century U.S. Supreme Court justice known for his progressive jurisprudence, advocacy for privacy and free speech, and influential opinions on economic regulation and social justice.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (2 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69e0b4ffac148190bbade9f0eceb660b elicitation completed
NER batch_69e6fbe3fbac819086d3079aaddca5b1 ner completed
Created at: April 16, 2026, 1:49 p.m.