Triple
T2072779
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | St Albans, Hertfordshire |
E44851
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasRomanSite |
P1098
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Roman city walls of Verulamium
The Roman city walls of Verulamium are the substantial remains of the defensive fortifications of the ancient Roman town at modern St Albans in Hertfordshire, England.
|
E231329
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Roman city walls of Verulamium | Statement: [St Albans, Hertfordshire, hasRomanSite, Roman city walls of Verulamium]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman city walls of Verulamium Context triple: [St Albans, Hertfordshire, hasRomanSite, Roman city walls of Verulamium]
-
A.
Roman Town Wall
The Roman Town Wall is an ancient defensive fortification in Colchester, England, built by the Romans and now one of the most significant surviving remnants of the town’s Roman past.
-
B.
Richborough Roman Fort
Richborough Roman Fort is a major archaeological site in Kent, England, that preserves the remains of a significant Roman military and port complex marking one of the main entry points of Roman Britain.
-
C.
Roman fort of Mamucium
The Roman fort of Mamucium was an ancient military stronghold that formed the original Roman settlement and strategic outpost on the site of modern-day Manchester, England.
-
D.
Gallo-Roman walls
The Gallo-Roman walls of Le Mans are remarkably well-preserved late Roman fortifications, notable for their extensive length and intricate decorative brickwork that encircle the historic city center.
-
E.
Saalburg Roman fort
Saalburg Roman fort is a reconstructed Roman military camp in Germany that served as part of the frontier defenses along the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes and now functions as an archaeological park and museum.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Roman city walls of Verulamium Triple: [St Albans, Hertfordshire, hasRomanSite, Roman city walls of Verulamium]
Generated description
The Roman city walls of Verulamium are the substantial remains of the defensive fortifications of the ancient Roman town at modern St Albans in Hertfordshire, England.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman city walls of Verulamium Target entity description: The Roman city walls of Verulamium are the substantial remains of the defensive fortifications of the ancient Roman town at modern St Albans in Hertfordshire, England.
-
A.
Roman Town Wall
The Roman Town Wall is an ancient defensive fortification in Colchester, England, built by the Romans and now one of the most significant surviving remnants of the town’s Roman past.
-
B.
Richborough Roman Fort
Richborough Roman Fort is a major archaeological site in Kent, England, that preserves the remains of a significant Roman military and port complex marking one of the main entry points of Roman Britain.
-
C.
Roman fort of Mamucium
The Roman fort of Mamucium was an ancient military stronghold that formed the original Roman settlement and strategic outpost on the site of modern-day Manchester, England.
-
D.
Gallo-Roman walls
The Gallo-Roman walls of Le Mans are remarkably well-preserved late Roman fortifications, notable for their extensive length and intricate decorative brickwork that encircle the historic city center.
-
E.
Saalburg Roman fort
Saalburg Roman fort is a reconstructed Roman military camp in Germany that served as part of the frontier defenses along the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes and now functions as an archaeological park and museum.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasRomanSite Context triple: [St Albans, Hertfordshire, hasRomanSite, Roman city walls of Verulamium]
-
A.
hasRomanName
Indicates that an entity is associated with or known by a name derived from or used in ancient Rome.
-
B.
hasArchaeologicalSiteType
Indicates that an entity is classified as, or associated with, a specific type or category of archaeological site.
-
C.
archaeologicalSiteIncludes
Indicates that an archaeological site contains, encompasses, or includes a specified feature, structure, artifact collection, or sub-area as part of its extent or composition.
-
D.
cultSite
Indicates a location that is or was used for religious or ritual worship activities.
-
E.
hasHistoricSite
chosen
Indicates that an entity possesses, contains, or is associated with a place recognized for its historical significance.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (6 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a88916c2b48190a5ca2e9b12cad3ed |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abba0eaa5081908f6d6ff80f79b1c9 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 5:39 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ae272ee27c8190a4bb4690961dccf6 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 1:49 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ae27b2c9d08190b1950abd8d41d3b3 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 1:51 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ae2817ce3c81908e48170760cf98ef |
completed | March 9, 2026, 1:53 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69abb7b0edac8190a58eabee55f73deb |
completed | March 7, 2026, 5:29 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:41 p.m.